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| 201 | This article aims at discovering basic strategies of predicative possession formation in Selkup dialects. It is an integral part of a current typological project that examines the verbalization of the notion/concept of predicative possession in the Ob-Yenisei linguistic area. After Stassen (2009, 2013), we give prominence to formal criteria based on the syntactic encoding of Possessor and Possessee instead that to semantic ones. According to Stassen, the predicative possessive constructions observed in the languages of the world can be reduced to five syntactic patterns only. Four construction strategies are found in Selkup dialects although only locational possessive and Genitive possessive occupy the central part in this system while two other strategies belong to the periphery: [Possessor-LOC + V.ex. + Possessee] (Locational Possessive) [Possessor-GEN + Possessee + V.ex.] (Genitive Possessive). [Possessor + Possessee-COM.INSTR + V.ex.] (Conjunctional Possessive). [Possessor + V.tr. + Possessee] (Have-Possession). In conclusion, we can state that, in the case of Selkup, in expressions of ‘having’ the Possessor is given emphasis and the predicate is a transitive verb, while in expressions of ‘belonging’ the Possessee is given emphasis and the predicate is copular. Keywords: dialects of the Selkup language, predicative, locative, genitive comitative, transitive possessive | 1268 | |||||
| 202 | 1267 | ||||||
| 203 | Since the late nineteenth century Kulunda steppe was one of the most “Ukrainian” regions of Siberia. According to the results of the Soviet census of 1926, in Northern Kulunda, within the boundaries of modern Karasuk district Novosibirsk region lived more than 30 thousand people. The most numerous community were Ukrainians. Places of their compact settlement were the villages: Beloe and Irbizino. Most people in these villages were originally from Poltava and Kharkov provinces. Ukrainians were also scattered widely in other multi-ethnic villages of the steppe area. Adapting to the conditions of Western Siberia, for a long time they have preserved the language and the standards of traditional culture, livelihood, family and calendar rites and festivals, arts and crafts. Ethno-social and ethno-cultural transformation began in the postwar period. This process intensified in the 1960s and 1970s. Actively cooperating with regional multiethnic community (Russians, Germans, Kazakhs, etc.), Ukrainians gradually switched to the Russian language; at the same time began to change their ethnic identity. In 1970–1980 the attributes of Ukrainian folk culture, removed from everyday life moved into the space of museums. Currently in Karasuk district Novosibirsk region is actively developing the Museum's construction and great efforts have been made for the preservation and promotion of cultural heritage. Keywords: Ukrainians, Karasuk, Kulunda steppe, museum | 1267 | |||||
| 204 | The article considers the relocation of the Altai held during XVIII–XX centuries. The first wave of migrants (until 1861) consisted mainly of Russian population. In the second stage (the end of the XIXth and early XXth century) Germans, Ukrainians, people from the Baltic regions came here. Belorussian immigrantion is also based on the number of Altai large settlements (from 100 to 900 people). However, Belarusians accustomed to the woods more likely inhabited taiga regions of Siberia and the Altai steppe was not so appealing. As a matter of fact their migration was not mass character here. Migrants from Belarussia chose not only similar in climatic characteristics areas for the new residence, but also the most familiar types of settlements – the hutors. Until 1920 their lived, one or more families of Belarusians. In 1914, in connection with the construction and operation of the railway Belarusians settled in industrial areas, in rail barracks and booths. Keywords: Altai, Belarusians, XIX–XX centuries, settlements | 1266 | |||||
| 205 | A national study of the stratigraphy of the Tomsk scientific and pedagogical intelligentsia on the basis of personal files of students, teachers and staff from the archives of the Tomsk State Pedagogical University study allowed to identify the names and biographical data of 11 Ukrainians working in the Tomsk State Pedagogical University in 1930–1950. A comparative analysis of the biographical material allowed identifying common signs of a reconstructed model of the effective work of a scientist: educational activity and scientific productivity. Herewith, the particular symptoms varied depending on socio-economic and political conditions in society and played the role of additional development factors. These findings have proved to be reliable for the reconstruction of the typological model of Soviet scientist and teacher, regardless of his nationality. The idea of internationalism, inherent in the Soviet people as a unified media identity, graded national differences and ideological Soviet society with priority of the dictatorship of the proletariat, including in the areas of education, forced to adapt to the General requirements, in order to preserve the lives and safety of his own family, rising above the national status class. Keywords: nationality, university intellectuals, model of effective work of scientist-educator, Tomsk State Pedagogical Institute | 1266 | |||||
| 206 | Article raises the main questions connected with variability of language on the example of functioning of Spanish in the territory of the Mexican peninsula Yucatan. A language variation as process of linguistic change in itself is very difficult and subject to influence of a set of factors, often from each other not the dependent. In each certain Latin American country formation of the literary standards of Spanish happened differently. Spanish of Mexico and, in particular, the peninsula Yucatan – one of unique language educations not only because it is the largest Spanish-speaking country, but also a place where the stable all-Spanish kernel and dialect features caused by identity of the Mexican culture organically coexist. Spanish of Mexicans is national option of Spanish since compliance to functions of national option is peculiar to it: a rank official, existence of national literary norm, the status native for absolute number of inhabitants, performance of full volume of public functions and language and culture specifics. Spanish in the territory of the peninsula Yucatan significantly differs from norms of the Mexican national option of Spanish and has similarity with Cuban, Andalusia, Argentina, Verakruz. Also that the Maya language is now one of languages on which speaks the population of the peninsula Yucatan owing to what the Spanish informal conversation included many words from the Maya language. Considerable changes at the phonetic, grammatical and lexical levels are noted. Keywords: language variability, dialect, social status of Spanish, standard of the speech, Mexican national option of Spanish, peninsula Yucatan | 1265 | |||||
| 207 | The paper analyzes the methods of translating ethnographic realities through the case study of poetic works by the Karelian poet A. Volkov. In its theoretical approaches, the study relies on the works of A. V. Fyodorov, G. R. Gachechiladge, E. G. Etkind. This topic is important since the translated heritage of Karelian-speaking authors has not yet been studied. The research relies on the figurative-semantic, contextual, systemically subject-based approaches, which are integrated within a holistic comparative analysis of the original text and the translations. One of the challenges for this study is the difficulty of translating poetic texts, since Karelians tend to speak metaphorically, often with no match to be found in the Russian language. Translators most often use three methods of rendering ethnographic realities: substitution, calque, and transliteration. The science of literary analysis makes allowances for the unavoidable collaboration of the author and the translator, which is manifest in the spiritual, intellectual and stylistic affinity. This is especially true for newly scripted literatures, such as the Karelian-language literature, in the situation where native speakers are not many. Karelian-speaking poets avoid translating each other’s works into Russian. In making a translation, the authors try to keep in mind at least three aspects: precision, accuracy, and adequacy. This is the key problem in the theory, criticism and practice. According to researchers G. R. Gachechiladze, S. Goncharenko, the critical characteristic of a good translation is precise and accurate rendition of the meter, rhythm, stanza structure and other elements of a poem; for Vyach. Ivanov, B. L. Pasternak it is the sound and the meanings of the work; for L. N. Sobolev, V. V. Koptilov, A. A. Akopova, the central problem is to reproduce the poetic imagery. The lack of uniform criteria for comparing the original text and the translation causes difficulties in working out the methodology. Translators of A. Volkov’s works: A. Mishin, O. Moshnikov, and A. Rastorguev, strove to replicate not only the style, images and meanings of the original, but also to reproduce the ethnical semantics. The translators decided on the accentuation and looked for stylistic equivalents, thus approximating the translation to the original as much as possible. Keywords: Karelian language, translation, methods, transliteration, poetry, literature | 1264 | |||||
| 208 | The article observes classification of constructions with possessive markers in Selkup in the frame of such oppositions, as personal – impersonal, adnominal (pronominal and nominal) – predicative, alienable – inalienable, prototypical – non prototypical. 44 examples of Selkup constructions with possessive markers reveal that some of them do not have possessive meaning but rather reflect determination, identifiability, or definiteness. The usage of possessive suffixes with certain noun groups leads to their grammaticalization. Keywords: possessive constructions, categorization, Selkup, possessive language means, grammaticallization | 1263 | |||||
| 209 | The problem of axiological preferences of the Finno-Ugric ethnic group (Mordvinian) against cultural peculiarities of German ethnic group as exemplified in the folk tales is discussed. In the tale reality the axiological norms function as an ideal model of a person that has to stabilize the given type of the society. The guides and differences in the basic maxims of nationally marked axiological system of Mordvinian and German community are defined. Similarities are defined by close connection to the nature, the forest, special love to the tree (the oak). Specific features are embodied in the different world perception. For the Mordvinian people the forest is positively depicted because the forest, the nature, the person mean the life and the shelter from the disaster and the evil. German people take the forest as bearing hostility and even fatal danger. Syncretism in Mordvinian thinking brings syncretism in language categories and defines the person as not separated out from the outside forces. But in the German mentality autonomy of the individual who makes decisions himself confirms as the social value that is a condition of the happy life. The German tale creates the axiological model in which the person is a free individual not lacking in creation as an individual is in the fullness of existence. Axiological model of the Mordvinian tale is implemented in the idea about some force which includes magic that rules reality, can punish for unkind acts and reward for dignified behavior. Orientation of the person’s activity depends on preferences, meanings and existence values that although change from one epoch to another but are established by the traditions of ethnical communities. Keywords: axiological system of the ethnical group, ambivalence, folk tale, world view, language categories, axiological preferences, program of the action | 1262 | |||||
| 210 | Ways and means of expressing Singularity and Plurality in Udihe are discussed in the present paper. As usual, form of singular number in Udihe is unmarked. Singularity is often accentuated by lexical means as well. To express plurality, in Udihe different markers are used: -dziga (~-ziga ~-diga), -tana, -getu, and *-kta, and -ŋka. Some of them are distinguished etymologically. Besides, that plurality as well as singularity may be expressed lexically. Adjectival markers of plurality are also examined in this paper, because in Udihe such suffixes mark not only Nouns, but also Adjectives, for example, -ŋku (‘suffix of collective adjactives’). Keywords: сategory of number, singularity, plurality, noun, collective nouns, adjective, lexical means | 1262 | |||||
| 211 | The article deals with the expression of predicative possession in Dolgan, a Turkic language of Northern Siberia. Predicative possession is understood as the expression of possession within a verbal phrase, the analysis follows the typology of Heine (1997) (section 1). Dolgan exhibits various types of predicative possession constructions: a companion scheme, a location/goal scheme and a genitive scheme, whereby the companion scheme occurs by far most often (section 3). As Turkic languages are usually assumed to exhibit a genitive scheme (cf. Johanson, 1998), some contact linguistic considerations are made in order to relate the Dolgan constructions to areal circumstances (section 4). Keywords: possession, predicative possession, language contact, Dolgan, Turkic languages, Siberian languages | 1261 | |||||
| 212 | The problem of the trinity in the world as the focus of the Universe, in particular, in the context of epic works, often touched upon in research, in the center of which is the text of the Olonkho – one of the oldest genres of the oral creativity of the Sakha people. The article is discussed the traditional clothing of the Sakha based on the text of the heroic epic Olonkho. The authors focuses on identifying and describing the Olonkho characters, representatives of the three worlds – Upper, Middle and Lower. According to the Yakut mythology, the Universe consisted of three worlds - the Upper, Middle and Lower, located one above the other or floors above one another. In the Middle World, defined implied as the center of the Universe, but it does not have its own, there living people. Here live animals and a variety of supernatural beings. In other worlds live supernatural nature-spirits. As the researchers write, any description of clothes in Olonkho is no accidental, that the clothes of the epic Olonkho can be regarded as a kind of ethnic sign, based on the traditional worldview and conduct of the Yakut people, that common genetic traits with the vast Turkic-Mongolian world have survived, the Yakut ethnos developed many common mythological ideas, rituals, developed a unique, characteristic only to the Yakuts, ways of symbolizing the world, that clothing carries a special sacral ritual function, that form, decoration and symbol of the products of traditional Yakut folk art show a significant influence on the formation of the foundations of the Yakut material and spiritual culture of both local and North American Paleoasians and ancient culture of the nomads of Eurasia. It is established that the text of this Olonkho contains a detailed description of the headdress and its details, types of outerwear (fur coats, coats, etc.) and shoes, which reflects the idea of the inhabitants of the three worlds. In this regard, the epic text serves as a kind of source of reconstruction of the coded informative material. The function of clothing as an indicator of the social status, financial position of its owner is identified. The problem of description considered in this article as part of the traditional Sakha culture in the context of the epic text correlates with the study of the question of who and how works in the simulated space. Keywords: epic; text of the Olonkho; three worlds; clothes; semantics; function; material and spiritual culture | 1259 | |||||
| 213 | Under conditions of high intensity world of information and communication processes in politics, economics, society issue planned formation, positioning and broadcast the image of Belarus is particularly acute and timely. At present, the necessary and urgent is the study of social and cultural space of the Internet social networks that influence the formation and development of such phenomena as social consciousness, society, state. The report raised the problem of the formation of the cultural image of Belarus with the help of social networking Internet. The importance of the role of social networks in the study of this problem is confirmed by their purposeful influence on the process of social development at the moment. Keywords: Internet, social networks, image of the state, culture, social media, law, government, presentation | 1258 | |||||
| 214 | Subject to introduction into a scientific circulation being new data on methods of pottery production of the Srubnaya and Srubnaya-and-Alakul culture, basing on materials from the barrow [kurgan] 3 of the «Julaly-8» barrow burial in Bashkir Trans-Ural. Resulting from a technical-and-technological analysis of the pottery, subject to a description being traditions of selection and preparation of the initial plastic raw material, making of molding compound, pots molding, surface treatment of articles, and kilning. Keywords: Bashkir Trans-Ural, late Bronze Age, technical and technological pottery analysis, pottery reconstruction | 1257 | |||||
| 215 | The article is written by a disciple of G. K. Werner. It describes the life record and the scholarly work of the teacher. It considers in detail the contents of monographs (21), the scholar’s papers, dictionaries composed by him. Also, the article characterizes his educational and methodological activity in the German and Ket languages. Firstly, the background information is given and then the research work of G. K. Werner is described. There are three periods differentiated on geographical basis: work in Tomsk, in Taganrog and in Bonn. Much attention is paid to the field work and the use of expedition materials for further research of the Yenisei languages. The article deals with the work of G. K. Werner as a thesis adviser, the peculiarities of his consultations. The article also mentions a large number of published and unpublished reviews and comments on the research papers and dissertations on the US, Polish, German and Russian linguists. Keywords: Yenisei languages, Kott language, Ket, Yugh language, Southern Siberia, Dingling, Xiongnu, tengrizm, sound system, accentology, protoculture, Indian languages, Na-Dene languages, ethnicity, ornamentation | 1257 | |||||
| 216 | This article deals with traditional customs of guesthood and hospitality typical for the Selkup culture. The analysis rests on the materials of folk Selkup literature, which reveals the main rules of guesthood and hospitality, as well as the materials of ethnographic observations (including I. A. Korobeynikova’s (one of the authors) reminiscences of her childhoood). The article presents the analysis of terms of greeting and farewell common to the Selkups living in Parabel-Narym (chumylkup) dialect areal in the middle of the XX-th century. The study leads to the conclusion that they are likely to have been borrowed from the neighbouring peoples cultures (the Khanty, the Tatars, the Russians). Keywords: the Selkups, etiquette, hospitality, norms of conduct when visiting sb, the terms of greeting and farewell, way of proper treatment to the respected people | 1256 | |||||
| 217 | The Teleut language belongs to the Esse-type languages, which express predicative possessive relations within nominal phrases. It employs three main strategies of predicative possession encoding according to the typology of L. Stassen: the locational possessive, the with-possessive and the topic possessive. The locational encoding strategy is typically used with an alienable possessee being the grammatical subject with the possessor in indirect locative case. The with-possessive encoding strategy is the syntactical inversion of the locative strategy; its main function is attributive. The most common predicative possessive encoding strategy in Teleut is the topic possessive with its variety – the genitive possessive. Verbal encoding strategy is expressed with the transitive verbs like ‘to keep’, ‘to hold’, ‘to receive’ etc. which have implicit semantics of possession. Keywords: Turkic languages, Teleut, possessive, predication; information structure and sentence form | 1255 | |||||
| 218 | The article is concerned with the comparison of Finnish and English plant names. These languages belong to different families – Uralic and Indo-European, which results in significant discrepancies in the systems of folk plant taxonomy. Yet Finnish and English plant names also have similarities that can be of particular interest for research. The analysis is based on Finnish plant names that denote the habitat of plants. The article considers Finnish plant names with the elements vesi “water” and pelto “field”; these words are compared to the names of the same plants in the English language, which are viewed diachronically. Having studied these folk plant names, the author traces similarities and differences in nomination of the same natural realia in typologically distinct languages. Keywords: plant names, common plant names, Finnish, English, motivation based on the habitat of plants, comparative analysis | 1255 | |||||
| 219 | The main means of expression of possessive predicativity in Ket are constructions with adessive case. Despite the fact that the leading researchers in the field of the Ket studies mention this construction, until now there is no individual papers devoted to the subject under research. By way of syntactic expressing the relationships of belonging the Ket language refers to the esselanguages. In the Ket language there is no verb ‘to have’, in possessive predicative constructions are used zero-encoding and two existential predicate copulas: the first – for the present (usam), the second – for the past time (obɨlde). The order of words in possessive predicative constructions is fixed: the possessor – the possessed – the predicative. Deviations from this order of words are attributed to the actual sentence division. The strategy of predicative possessiveness expression in the Ket language can be referred to the locative type as in the constructions with the meaning of possession the locative case is used: adessive case. The forms of this case are -daŋta / -diŋta / -naŋta, and the case name indicates that it marks the animate objects. The most frequent are possessive predicative constructions with zero-encoding (17 occurrences), half this quantity less there are the constructions with the predicate copula obɨlde (8 occurrences), more than half this quantity less there are the negative constructions (7 occurrences) and the constructions with usam (6 occurrences). The quantitative data in the calculation of existential constructions with usam and obɨlde and locative constructions with adessive case, which do not express the meaning of belonging, show that they occur in isolated contexts. Thus, there is reason to believe that in the Ket language adessive case focuses on the expression of possessive relations in predicative constructions. Existential predicate copulas usam and obɨlde are likely to be more recent innovation, and are possibly formed under the influence of the Russian language. Keywords: Ket, possessive predicative constructions, adessive, locative constructions, existential constructions | 1254 | |||||
| 220 | The article deals with decoded audio records of legends and is dedicated to the peculiarities of epic performance traditions, exemplified by occasional repetitions and slips of tongue. These typically occur at the time in the tale and are natural for the spoken discourse. Self-repairs and clarifications by the storyteller greatly facilitates the folklore analysis. In addition to random slips of the tongue, the teller, A. P. Napazakov makes errors, which are repaired by him immediately. Such errors, slips of the tongue, repetitions, Russian borrowings – are the performer's personal inputs, dependent on memory, mood and even on the audience, which is an evidence of direct effect of a storyteller can have on the contents of epic and its perception. Keywords: Shor heroic epic stories, epic storyteller’s speech, Russian loans, repeats and reservations | 1253 | |||||
| 221 | This article discusses the problem of interpretation of the cultural heritage of the Slavs within tour guiding activity of the First Museum of Slavic mythology. Interactive methods of work with tourists, as well as methods for engaging in joint action are analysed herein. Construction of the historical past in general and spiritual culture of the Slavs in particular is performed through the interpretation of works of art from the collection of the Museum. The museum's mission is not mainly focused on organisation of an interesting exhibition, but mainly on visitor engagement and exchange. Such task is carried out by means of specific techniques of revealing the content via interactive methods, when dialogical relationships are built between a visitor and an exposition, and methods of participation, when people simulate the surrounding reality themselves. Interactivity is achieved by creating a layer parallel to the conventional exposition. This layer includes models that can be touched and the so-called hands-on activities. For example, during the tour called “Native Gods and Heroes” visitors learn about the model of a traveling forge. They blow bellows, raise sledgehammer and put on a protective apron. Due to such hands-on activities museum visitors develop an understanding of how metal was forged in ancient times. Successful methods of immersion into the past are related to traditional crafts and participation in game practices where guests dress up, sing folk songs, dance in a round and taste traditional cuisine. In such projects it is crucial to give people an opportunity to be not only “consumers” or target audience, but also contributors to decision-making and organisation of cultural events, in other words, to the process of under-standing and realisation of cultural heritage. Keywords: Slavic cultural heritage, cultural heritage interpretation, museum pedagogics, guiding activity, museum exposition | 1252 | |||||
| 222 | On the basis of the review of scientific literature and archive materials that also include the material that is being introduced into scientific discourse for the first time, the fundamental principles are presented these principles concerning the questions of ethnic identity of the Yukaghir of Yakutia were elaborated by the members of the important research initiatives in the XIX – beginning of XXI century. In connection to this there has been made an analysis on dynamics of scholars on the status of a number of markers, that include “purity of blood”, the level of proficiency in the native language, distinctness of anthropogenic activities and culture, self-consciousness. The “negative” trend has been predominating through much of the studied period, that was established by the scholars during estimation of the perspectives of the Yukaghir people’s existence in the rapidly changing environment and their preservation of the ethnic distinctness. The accumulated research material on steady degradation of a complex of objective signs which was firstly conditioned by the intense assimilation processes and then by the processes of globalization was the basis for this approach. At the same time, the significant changes were noted in the approaches used by scholars; these changes happened in the last decades and they have been accompanied by the increased attention to the subjective factors in functioning of ethnic identity of the Yukaghir. Moreover, the significant role of scholars’ activities in designing the ethnic selfconsciousness of the modern Yukaghirs is noticed. Keywords: Indigenous Peoples of the Arctic, Yukaghirs, Yakutia, scientific researches, expeditions, ethnic identity, assimilation | 1250 | |||||
| 223 | The paper examines the division of labour between spatial cases and serial postpositions referring to the interior and top parts of the landmark in Forest Enets (Samoyedic, Uralic). The study is based on the corpus of modern and archive texts in Forest Enets. The focus is on the interaction between landmark semantics and the semantics of case or postposition. The study shows that case is the major means of marking for the nouns denoting landmarks that lack distinct spatial contours, including toponyms and object-part terms. Postpositional marking is more frequent for landmarks with well-defined spatial configuration, e.g. interior region for the postpositions of the IN-series or vertical axis for the postpositions of the SUPER-series. The spatial configuration of the landmark can be additionally profiled by the semantics of the verb. Thus, contrary to the idea proposed in a number of studies, these results suggest that in natural texts postpositional marking is not primarily associated with the non-standard function of the landmark or an unexpected spatial scenario. More generally, from the grammaticalization theory perspective, it is reasonable to expect that postpositions will more readily replace case markers in the contexts where postpositional semantics is more compatible with the semantics of landmark and the verb, rather than in less natural contexts. Keywords: Enets, spatial cases, adpositions, postpositions, landmark, spatial configuration, grammaticalization | 1245 | |||||
| 224 | The paper explores the experience of compilation of the bibliographic index on history and ethnography of Slavic diasporas of the Tomsk region (Byelorussians, Ukrainians, Poles). The description deals with the objects of bibliographic reflection, chronological framework, content and structure of the edition, principles of bibliographic description, characteristics of metadata. Based on the thematic stratification, the index reviews relevant publications, making conclusions on the degree and extent of the analysis of individual issues, providing the names of the scholars. Individual publications search capability and format are presented as well as the process of reference data gathering. The paper concludes with a review of the applied value of the index and identifies further research directions. Keywords: bibliographic diaspora, Belorussian, Ukrainians, Poles, Tomsk region | 1242 | |||||
| 225 | This article deals with the problem of the reconstruction of the emphatic element, element of negative polarity and negative element |-naj|. The research is based on the materials on the southern and northern dialects of Selkup language. First of all, the negative element |-naj| which manifests itself as an integral part of negative pronouns and adverbs, is the product of the second outcome – grammaticalization of the corresponding emphatic element |-naj|. So, in its turn, it is supposed that the emphatic element |-naj| is the result of the merging of two elements: some pronoun (or stem of some pronoun) |-nɛ| and the corresponding emphatic particle |-aj|. Moreover, being of emphatic nature, the element |-naj| (as well as |-aj|) probably can merge with other elements producing new lexemes with new meanings, for example: southern Selkup |olanej| ‘so’; northern Selkup |nɨnaj| ‘again, at once’. Keywords: Selkup language, reconstruction, emphasis, negation | 1241 | |||||
| 226 | The article considers some forms of language interaction in terms of language contacts expansion in modern Russia. In the example of the Volgograd oblast it shows the changes of ethnic and linguocultural space of a separate region, manifested in the transformation of historically established ethnic proportions of the population; in the formation of a new ethnic balance; in increasing of variability of language contact and bilingualism types of closely and not closely related languages. The article sets a general trend towards oral communication hybridization in the multilingual environment. It also concludes that this trend is manifested in the activation of hybrid lexemes formed according to the Russian derivational and inflectional models and operating mainly in the field of household communication. There is also a trend towards the use of hybrid lexemes in the mass media. The authors identify extralinguistic and linguistic factors that significantly affect the appearance of new lexemes in the process of language contacts. Keywords: language situation, migration, language contacts, borrowings, hybrid lexemes | 1240 | |||||
| 227 | The article is devoted to the linguoculturological examination of Khakass proverbs and sayings in order to identify and describe the image of a hardworking / lazy person in the Khakass proverbial picture of the world. The material for analysis was about one hundred units of paremias with the corresponding semantics, collected by the author, mainly from the collection “Хыйға сöс. The Wise Word” (2014), also for the comparison there are the paremias of other nations. It is revealed that a hardworking person in the Khakass language consciousness is a reliable, conscientious, diligent, thorough worker. Thanks to his hard work, he provides food for himself and his family. In the paremias describing labor as a source of wealth, a unit of чағ “salo” is usually present. The image of a lazy person is marked by evaluations signs such as stupidity, a tendency to sleep, a sedentary lifestyle, an empty, aimless waste of time, living and eating at someone else's expense. However, in the popular consciousness it is not perceived at all as a hopeless and lost person, as proverbs display, warning about the negative consequences of laziness, and have an educational character. Moreover, the Khakass attitude to the manifestation of laziness is severe and uncompromising, and we have not recorded a single paremia justifying this human vice. Paremias constitute a separate layer, revealing the contrasting evaluative characteristics of two types of people — hardworking and lazy, which allows listeners to clearly perceive the implicit instructive codes of folk wisdom. We believe that the conceptual space of a hardworking / lazy person in the Khakass language has good cognitive and linguocultural potential for future research. Keywords: image of a hardworking / lazy person, proverbs and sayings, folk wisdom, concept, content, Khakass language | 1240 | |||||
| 228 | The article is devoted to the characteristic of the figures of speech and expressive means of the Mansi language of lexical, phonetic, morphological, and syntactic levels of the language on the example of folklore texts. In modern linguistics, the language of Mansi children's oral folk art in the systemic-structural aspect has not been studied. In the present work we adhered to the methodological principles developed by Russian and foreign scientists: A. N. Balandin, E. I. Rombandeeva, A. Kannisto, B. Munkácsi, M. Liimola, etc. The choice of methodology was determined by the objectives and the purpose of the research. To solve the scientific problems we have applied linguoculturological approach to the consideration of texts of Mansi children's folklore. The use of the systemic-structural approach contributed to the explication of the integrity of the object of the research. Structural and semantic analysis also plays an important role in the research. Identification of texts representing the system of the figures of speech and the expressive means was carried out by the method of continuous sampling. The analyzed material shows that the special linguistic originality of the figures of speech and the expressive means is explicated, first of all, at the lexical level and is related to representation of outdated vocabulary (archaisms and historicisms), borrowing of nominations of the lexical and thematic groups ‘Orthodox faith’ and ‘traditional activity of the Mansi – reindeer herding, fishing, and hunting’. The combination of phonetic, lexical and semantic, stylistic and syntactic units in their special combination creates a special expressiveness and imagery in the texts of children's Mansi folklore. An important place in the process of forming of the structure of the genre palette of the Mansi texts is occupied by the units of formulaic character, which perform compositional, sense-forming and expressive functions and the system of repetitions, which play the role of stylistic, rhyming and compositional means. Keywords: folklore; language; sound recording; parallelism; repetition; comparisons; vocabulary | 1235 | |||||
| 229 | Man has been in contact with nature since ancient time. It is well known that the relations between man and nature are irreciprocal: nature perfectly exists without man, but man cannot survive without nature. What’s more, at each evolutionary stage man employs more and more natural resources in his everyday life. At present even the air we breathe is not an exception: it is used for the production of liquid oxygen and hydrogen. So, it is not accidental that such new (and much younger than man and nature) discipline as ecology developed. It is not accidental either that in the foreign research tradition ecology also includes biology, archeology, ethnography and this discip line does not belong exclusively to humanities or natural science. V. N. Adaev takes into consideration the well-known theory of V. I. Vernadsky about noosphere and various points of view on this theory. The book of V. N. Adaev greatly contributes to our expertise in ecology and the Siberian studies in general. Keywords: book by V. N. Adaev, humans – nature, ecology, Siberian studies | 1234 | |||||
| 230 | This paper deals with morphosyntactic properties of Hill Mari approximative Numeral + Noun constructions in comparison with those including cardinal numerals without the additional value of approximation. The study presents a list of approximative constructions found in Hill Mari and an overview of their basic morphosyntactic properties. This article contains both synchronic and diachronic account, as well as some preliminary cross-linguistic comparison. We can draw a conclusion that the morphosyntax of approximative constructions in Hill Mari is governed by a set of rules which have already been stated in typology. Nevertheless, some of them operate in a different way (e.g. numerical value determining nominal number). Furthermore, approximative Numeral + Noun constructions provide some important data on NP structure and a strong evidence that measure nouns are part of a complex quantifier, rather than a real quantified entity. Keywords: Quantified expressions, Numeral + Noun constructions, number marking, approximative numerals, noun phrase, morphosyntax, Hill Mari | 1234 | |||||
| 231 | The article is devoted to the psycholinguistic analysis of the traditional gender stereotypes of the Turkic peoples in the proverbs of the Altai and Yakut languages. We analyzed 210 proverbs, 124 proverbs in Altai and 86 proverbs in Yakut language, reflecting the gender stereotypes and social behavior of men and women. We used the methods of content- and intent-analysis with the aime of define the content and intentions of proverbs, their comparison. The proverbs of the Altaians and Yakuts reflect traditional generic and family relations, connected with androcratic (patriarchal) attitudes, regulation of gender differences, dichotomization of masculine and feminine, hierarchy of status of men and women. There are the androcentric attitudes, gender polarization and gender inequality in the traditional gender stereotypes of the proverbs of Altaians and Yakuts. The proverbs of the masculine stereotypes of Altaians and Yakuts contain the intentions “Instruction”, “Praise”, “Advice”, and “Evaluation”. The androcentric component is more pronounced in the masculine stereotypes of Yakut, than that of the Altaians stereotypes. The proverbs of the feminine stereotypes of Altaians and Yakuts contain the intentions “Caution”, “Exposure”, “Reprimand” and “Reproach”. The sexist component is more pronounced in the female stereotypes of the Yakuts, than that of the Altaians stereotypes. The masculine stereotypes of Altaians and Yakuts are more consistent than feminine stereotypes. Keywords: turkic languages, altai language, yakut language, paremia, proverbs, sayings, gender roles, gender stereotypes, male stereotypes, female stereotypes, androcentrism, androcracy, patriarchy, gender polarization | 1234 | |||||
| 232 | The ethnographic description of national food the Komi’s vymskikh reflecting features of subethnic and religious character is presented in article. Ecological habit and economic activity predetermined grain and meat and dairy type of food with preservation of a share of trade production. In a grocery set three layers determined by time of inclusion in a food allowance are emitted. The main layer is presented by grain and vegetable crops, meat and a game, dairy and fish products. The basis of food was made by groat soups and porridges that were reflected in the collective name of food “soup porridge”. Bakery products differed in wealth and a variety. The everyday menu, except grain crops, included meat and dairy, fish dishes and a game, with small inclusions of vegetables and wild plants that testifies to the balanced food. Though meat and dairy and fish dishes not often appeared on a table that was connected with practice of observance of Christian posts which number reached over 200 days in a year. However the collective name of food meaning full life was defined how “with fish meat to live”. Substratny layer reflects earlier existing system of economy and is presented by wild plants which provided a vitamin component of a food allowance and brought a variety the menu. Last in time layer is connected with trade development, purchased products compensated for the deficiency of grocery raw materials. For the vymskikh of the Komi the thrice hot meals that were provided with existence by the Russian wind furnace were characteristic. The food was cooked in the Russian furnace early in the morning and remained there till the evening that allowed giving food hot at each reception. The balanced menu, is hotter than food and observance of the mode of meal acted as pledge of preservation of health. Keywords: Komi (Zyrians), vymsky Komi, grocery raw materials, traditional dishes | 1233 | |||||
| 233 | In dialect space of the Komi language the dialect of the Kirov Permians which formation occurred in conditions of isolation from the basic area of distribution of the Komi dialects and strong influence of the surrounding Russian dialects, occupies a special place. The actual problem of the Komi dialectology is revealing of the basis and place of the given territorial-language version in the dialect continuum of the Komi language. The phonetic and morphological markers of the language of the Kirov Permians are considered, the analysis and comparison to language lines of the territorially close Zyryan and Permian dialects are of great importance for the solution of the given problem. The research is based on the materials collected by the author during several expeditions to the area of residing of the Kirov Permians in period from 2002 to 2012. Keywords: the Komi language, the Komi-Permian language, Kirov Permians, phonetics, morphol-ogy, linguistic markers | 1231 | |||||
| 234 | The article describes the results of three folklore-ethnographic expeditions to the Tuvinians of China in 2016 year. Analyzed the degree of ownership of folklore and ethnographic tradition of the young generation of the Chinese Tuvinians. Recorded materials from Tuvinian students testify to the continuity of knowledge on traditional folklore and rituals. It is noted that young people in the rituals adheres to the сanon of tradition, knows the semantics and pragmatics of rituals. At the same time, in the recorded works of oral prose from a young generation it can be noted not rich repertoire and poor knowledge of the foundations of traditional mythology. It is established that the folklore and ritual in the life of Tuvinians of China is a lively and dynamic traditional culture. During three expeditions were recorded samples of many folklore genres and also the different stages of the wedding rituals. Keywords: Tuvinians of China, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, non-folktale prose, ritual folklore | 1230 | |||||
| 235 | Great attention in the work of municipal museum of the city of Seversk is paid to preservation and popularization of cultural heritage of Russian Siberians, migrants of other nationalities, Belarusians and Ukrainians in particular, as well as indigenous people of Siberia. At the permanent local history exposition “Along the river of time”, and at the temporary expositions held in the museum the regular events, such as excursions, lectures, lessons for schools and pre-schools of the city according to special cultural-educational programs are developed by the museum staff. The museum conducted a number of regional and federal projects, including: “Folk calendar. Creative workshops by traditions of Russian Siberians”, “Orthodoxy. Binding. Creativity” for social adaptation of children with disabilities. In 2015 the new project Museum holiday “For the sake of eloquent-sounding word” was supported by federal program “Culture of Russia 2012–2018” within nomination “Non-material cultural heritage of the Russian people”. Ethnographic exhibit items and their importance for museum-pedagogical work is constantly growing, especially when working with children as the materials enable to go deep into history and touch the life of our remote ancestors. In traditional culture of any nation every object like work equipment, clothes, dishware or cultural objects were made with one’s own hands exactly like their ancestors did, following the definite rules, bans and ceremonies. These objects disappear very fast or have already disappeared from daily life and they are often kept only in museums. Peculiarity of traditional culture of Russian Siberians in suburban villages of Tomsk is expressed in long time intrusion of city household items into peasants’ life and large influence of city culture in general. Descendants of inhabitants from all of these settlements currently live in Seversk, Tomsk, and other settlements and keep the memory of their ancestors. To perform the project “For the sake of eloquent-sounding word” several scenarios were developed where project participants – museum staff in national costumes engage in conversation, talk only by proverbs and sayings. Russian folk proverbs keep large public significance up to the present days from the informative, educational and aesthetic point of view. This is like a philosophical genre consolidating the rich life experience. Keywords: museum, ethnographic exhibit items, folklore, Russian Siberians | 1229 | |||||
| 236 | In 2013, the author of the article discovered as a result of archaeological research the hillfort Chondza on the Ket river in Narym region of the Ob River area. The reconnaissance studies produced material relating to two chronological periods: The Bronze Age and early Iron Age. The latter period was represented by the vast majority of finds. Mainly the finds presented fragments of ceramic vessels. On the basis of the statistical analysis of the morphology and ornamentation, cultural identity of the complex ceramic monument was established. It is also established that this monument can be included in the range of artifacts known as Kulayskaya cultural-historical community, as it demonstrates the same specific features. The presence of a number of monuments the same culture with a unique ceramic complex in the Кet region, allows to put the question of the identification of local variant of the Kulayskaya cultural-historical community in this region. Keywords: archaeological investigation, Kulayskaya cultural-historical community, local variant, hillfort Chondzha, ceramic complex, cultural interaction | 1229 | |||||
| 237 | This paper studies a modern Ukrainian novel using the approach worked out by so-called Memory studies. The use of commemoration in fiction is touched upon as well. The article presents the analyses of the novel “If” written by the famous Ukrainian novelist Iren Rozdobud'ko as a practice of the Soviet Union commemoration. The novel was chosen because of the strong and clear opposition of the Past and the Present that allows treating it as a kind of memory place. The work presented can be used as a basis for further analyses of fiction as a type of commemoration. It’s known that one of the most important types of commemoration is the use of the dates; the choice of the dates can influence much on the perception of the work. So, I. Rozdobud'ko emphases on the several events of the 1980s. They are the Olympic Games 1980 and the very beginning of the Afghanistan conflict. These historic events are presented in opposition: a happy one and a sad one. It should be underlined that the author uses no historic names and concrete dates. The other two events opposed are the cultural ones: the death of Vladimir Vysotskiy and so-called All-Union Saturday. While analyzing the work we have come to the conclusion the commemoration effect is reached by presenting the characters’ emotions and thoughts though their dialogues and the monologues of the main character Veronica. The main character, a thirty year old journalist Veronica Ivchenko found herself in 1980 when she was only seven. She perceived everything happened at the time being adult. It helps her to rethink all the events by the mind of an adult person. That leads her to the conclusion that the beginning of the Afghanistan conflict was more important for the people than the Olympic Game, the death of V. Vysotskiy shocked the society, but nobody remembered about the All-Union Saturday. We would like to note that the “entertaining material” used by I. Rozdobud'ko allowed to expose the moral degradation reasons of the modern society in the former Soviet Union countries in the early twenty-first century. Keywords: Memory studies, “places of memory”, commemoration, the collective memory | 1228 | |||||
| 238 | The article focuses on publication and analysis of the materials found in a Nizhnearmetovsky burial site (Ishimbaysky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan) and kept in the museums in Ufa. It gives an in-depth characteristic of the monument and its research history. The set of artifacts corresponds to the late-Samartian ancient objects of the South Urals and dates back to the first half of III century AD. The date is determined by the findings of a mirror-pendant by the group Khazanov-2, a buckle by Malashev-P2 and, a fibula by the group Ambroz-13. The article demonstrates the cultural diversity of the population living by the right bank of the midstream Belaya river, conditioned by contacts of late-Sarmatian people with a sedentary population of the Urals. A bone spoon is not a typical object for late-Sarmatian monuments. This category was spread at the early-Sarmatian period. A specific type of syulgama links the complex to the monuments of Azelinskaya (Azelinsky and Suvorovsky burial sites, Kirov Oblast, the Vyatka river), "Old Mordovian" (Seliksensky and Tezikovsky burial sites, Penza Oblast), Ryazan-Okskaya (Zarechye burial site, Ryazan Oblast) and Dyakovskaya (Schurovsky burial site, Moscow Oblast) cultures. The Nizhnearmetovsky and closest Akhmerovsky II and Salikhovsky burial sites are distinct by their original combination of Samartian and non-Samartian elements. They were, probably, left by a mixed population or dwelling groups which had a significant influence on each other. In terms of their location three above mentioned burial sites constitute a compact group while the fourth site of that time period, Derbenevsky, is noticeably different: it is located to the South and does not have non-Sarmatian traits. An attempt to engage ceramic materials from settlement sites of mountainous and forest territory of South Ural and some northern settlements of the right bank of the Belaya river seems prospective. Concerning the sedentary population (Mazuninskaya culture), it is possible to observe movements of the dwelling sites to the south. The reasons for these processes are to be determined in the future. Keywords: Cisurals, Late Sarmatian culture, burial ground, inventory, chronology, contacts | 1227 | |||||
| 239 | Legal and regulatory culture is an important part of the cultural heritage of any people. Mongolian and wider – the Turkic-Mongolian peoples have ancient traditions of legal consciousness, which were formed in the context of the traditional culture of hunters, nomadic pastoralists, warriors. A special layer of the traditional legal and regulatory culture of nomads and hunters, impregnated with shamanistic views are magical devices and sacred objects. The totality of such items is quite wide and diverse – it included meteorites ("celestial arrows"), revered animals and parts of their bodies, different types of weapons. The complex of traditional representations, prohibitions, customs and rituals can be described as measures aimed at combating offenses and contributing to the protection of interests in the dispute of the parties. This article focuses on magic techniques and tools aimed at combating theft in a nomad environment. This offense was the most common in the nomadic tradition. In the cases of unauthorized by an official investigation and a public court of offenses magical methods were often used. Having lost hope for voluntary recognition, the victims publicly announced the performance of the rite. As a rule, fear of supernatural forces, exposed the criminal. Thus, religious beliefs had a significant impact on the current customs of the traditional legal system of the Buryats in the 19th century. The existence of this form of justice could be a consequence of the process of regressive development of law with the fall of the Mongolian empire, when many archaic ideas and rituals came to life. On the other hand, on the periphery of the Mongolian state, the magic in the regulatory and legal system could not lose its significance. Keywords: customary law, religious beliefs, theft, revered animals, wolf | 1226 | |||||
| 240 | This study is the second one in a series of studies devoted to the emergence and development of multilingualism in the Kolyma-Alazeya tundra area, a region where the territories of Yukaghir, Even, Chukchi, Yakut, and Russian settlements overlap. The starting point of this study are Evens, their arrival to the area, their contacts with the neighbors, and the languages they spoke. Based on the various sources (the works and reports of ethnographers, travelers, and missioners) we trace the migration routes of Even nomadic groups from the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th centuries in this region. We discovered that the Even clans found to the west of Kolyma spoke Yukaghir and most of them considered Yukaghir to be their native language. Apparently, many Evens spoke two languages (Even and Yukaghir), some of them were trilingual (in Even, Yukaghir and Yakut), and quatrolingualism and quintolingualims were also attested. There were also some nomadic Even groups near the Southeastern border of Kolyma-Alazeya tundra, and there is evidence that some of their members could speak Chukchi, Even and Russian. The article briefly compares two dialects of Even which are spread out in the west and east of this region. This comparison confirms intensive language contact between Evens, Yukaghirs, and Yakuts in the Great Western Tundra in the past. At the same time, we did not observe any Chukchi influence in the dialect of the Eastern part of Kolyma-Alazeya tundra. Keywords: multilingualism, Even language, historical sociolinguistics, language maps, Kolyma-Alazeya tundra | 1226 | |||||
| 241 | The article deals with the problem of the linguistic origin of toponim Margutsek. The lexical basis of the investigation is appellatives of Mongol and Samoedic languages. The description, etymology and thesis of the linguistic origin of the proper name Margutsek are presented as the result of comparative analysis. The analysis based on comparative and typological methods gives the possibility to suppose about diachronic area linguistic unity on the territory of Transbaikalia. Keywords: toponyms, placename, appellative dictionary, etymology, comparative analysis, typology of unrelated languages, Samoyedic languages, Mongolian language | 1224 | |||||
| 242 | The paper overviews the various approaches to the definition of the term possession, semantic dissimilarity of the category of possession, detached and attached possession, the main ways to express the category of possession in the Selkup language. In dialects of the Selkup language the possessive relations can be expressed by morphological, morphological-syntactic and syntactic ways. The morphological way to express the possessive relations consists in attaching of the personal-possessive suffixes to nouns or other parts of speech. The predicative possessive constructions of the Selkup language can be divided into five groups, the most frequent of which are the constructions with a noun or a pronoun having a marker -nan and the verb ēqo 'to have, possess' or čaŋkįqo ‘not to have, not to possess’. The possessive markers of the Selkup language express not only possession, but also definiteness; they also perform the indicating, intensifying and distinguishing functions. Keywords: attributive possession, predicative possession, the Selkup language, deictic functions of the possessive markers | 1224 | |||||
| 243 | The article compares the data of historical studies and the analysis of the museum collections and archives on religious syncretism in the beliefs of minority indigenous peoples of the Trans-Tom region (Shors and Bachat Teleuts). The empirical base of the study comprises the museum collections of St. Petersburg, Kemerovo, Tomsk, Novokuznetsk and others cities. The study deals with problems of interaction of animistic beliefs, shamanic cult, Orthodoxy and Burkhanism in the context of an interdisciplinary approach, relying on the methods of macro- and micro-analysis. The article highlights peculiarities of religious syncretism through generalization of research approaches to understanding the phenomenon of religious syncretism. Authors substantiate the use of the term “The Trans-Tom region” for the territory of the compact settlement of the Shors and Bachat Teleut people. Basing on the historical-genetic method, the sequence and degree of influence of the components of world religions on the traditional religious consciousness are traced. New sources (museum collections and archives) are being introduced into scientific circulation, all characterized as manifestations of religious syncretism. We conclude that local religious syncretic forms combine Christian and Burkhanistic constituent elements. These forms are more typical for Bachat Teleuts. The study also posits that during the intercultural interaction of the northern Shors and Bachat Teleuts, certain elements of the Burkhanist rites were introduced. Keywords: religious syncretism, interconfessional interaction, traditional cults, ritual, animism, shamanism, Orthodoxy, Burkhanism, museum collections, Shors, Bachat Teleuts | 1224 | |||||
| 244 | The article considers mythologema tokens in the Yakut language, which are parts of phraseological units - various names of the Yakut deities, the spirit of fire, the spirit-master of the forest, and also the names of evil and good spirits. An attempt was made to establish their lexical parallels in the related Turkic and Mongolian languages. Within the phraseosemantic field "qualitative and evaluative characteristics of a person" mythologema tokens as part of phraseological units participate in an evaluative description of internal properties – mental qualities, temperament, appearance, age, life experience, abilities, social status, behavior and other qualities of a person. The field organizes the fundamental cultural concept of the PERSON, which reflects the national picture of the world, the system of the most common world representations of native speakers. The comparative-historical method and component analysis made it possible to establish national-specific phraseological units of the Yakut language that do not have parallels in related Turkic languages, which in turn confirms the thesis that the formation of these phraseological units proceeded in the course of its development in conditions of non-contact with the last. At the same time, general and specific phraseological ranks, as well as some Yakut-Khakass, Yakut- Kazakh phraseological parallels were revealed. It is also suggested that the Yakut system of mythological images was subjected to strong Mongolian influence. And the absence of Tungus lexical parallels testifies to the lack of Yakut-Tungus interaction and mutual influence when creating the considered Yakut mythologema tokens. Prospects for the study are seen in the further development of the theoretical basis and methodology of phraseological comparativistics of Turkic languages. Keywords: token, phraseological unit, Yakut language, Turkic languages, phraseosemantic field, Turkic phraseology, history of the language, comparative analysis | 1224 | |||||
| 245 | This article presents an analysis of the significant body of Selkup folklore texts with the character Itja (Itcha) and his opponent – An Man-Eater (Giant). A detailed analysis has been provided for one of the identified scenes, and namely stories about a Boy (the hero) who defeated An Man-Eater. This group is the most numerous among the fixations in the Selkup language and consists of 28 texts. The analysis reveals that the bulk of the corpus is divided into three main plots, which are the basis for the entire collection of Itja-texts that are portrayed differently in the territory of residence of the Selkups. Keywords: Selkup folklore, texts with the hero Itja, tale-types and motifs, folklore plots classification | 1223 | |||||
| 246 | The paper briefly presents the linguistic reasons of correlation between the onym Khamnigan as alloethnonym of people of Tungus origin among the eastern group of Buryat and the ancient ethnonym Samoyed – the name of Samoyedic tribes and peoples of medieval Siberia. Alloethnonym Khamnigan as an onym, consisting of two components, it has a final element -nigan, which is considered to originate from tribal Nikan – population of Nikan state or the state of dog-headed people Gou-Go. The root of alloethnonym Khamnigan Kham- may be correlated with the radix Sam- of the ethnonym Samoyed. In this case the historical alternation of consonants h- // s- is revealed, typical both for Samoyedic and Mongol languages. Investigation gives an opportunity to propose the identity of alloethnonym Khamnigan and ethnonym Samoyed, which originated under the influence of local contact languages – Chinese and Tungus- Man’chzhu, also observed in other local languages such as – Ket, Nenets and Buryat. Keywords: Alloethnonym Khamnigan, Aginsk Buryat, Khori-Buryat, nikan, Nikan state, Nelyudsky (Nerchinsk) Ostrog, Gou-Go, dog-headed people, etymology, contact languages, Nerchinsky uezd, Khorinsk Steppe duma, over-log-grave burial constructions in the form of «hous | 1219 | |||||
| 247 | The field notes result from the field project to the Northern Selkup (Taz) communities in Krasnoselkup region of Tyumen oblast in the summer of 1979. The project team of the Institute of History, Philology and Philosophy of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Science of USSR lead by G. I. Pelikh collected data in the villages of Krasnoselkup and Tol'ka, visiting a set of local camps along the rivers Taz and Khudoseja. The field notes shed light onto the aspects of traditional economy, material and spiritual culture of Selkus: settlement patterns, land use, rules of hunting and fishing, burial rituals, inheritance, family life, court of local lord, types of punishment and other. The notes also include a set of fairytales. Keywords: Selkup, settlement, traditional economy, family, rituals, heritage | 1218 | |||||
| 248 | The article presents the analysis of the semantic structure of the imperative of the 2nd person singular (“you”) in the Tuvan language, which is put the semantic feature at the degree of down-toning, degree of controllability, the time setting of causable action. The basis for motivation of speaker to perform an action is, maybe, in his point of view, the necessity (debitive) and the possibility of performing downtoning action put into the addressee by the speaker. Various combinations of the semantic features and the character of the relationship between the participants of the speech act and the features of social subordination determine the whole semantic structure of the imperative of the 2nd person singular. Such personal meanings of the imperative as an order, request, instruction, suggestion, permission, advice, consent and permission are formed in the article. Keywords: imperative, 2nd person singular, causation, order, request, instruction, suggestion, permission, advice, consent, permission, the degree of down-toning, degree of controllability, the time setting, the modality meanings | 1218 | |||||
| 249 | This article deals with verbs of closing and opening in the Western local idioms of Khanty (the villages of Ovgort, Muzhi, Vosyahovo, Tegi). The data were collected during fieldwork. The Khanty material is considered within a broader typological investigation adopting the frame-based approach to lexical typology. I discuss the semantic distinctions in the domain concerned and the categorization of the basic frames, pointing out some dialectal variation. The asymmetry between the subdomains of closing and opening is also taken into account, as well as some metaphoric shifts accompanied by morphosyntactic changes. Keywords: Khanty, verbs of closing, verbs of opening, semantics, lexical typology | 1217 | |||||
| 250 | In this article, an ethnolinguistic analysis of 53 names of berry plants in the Yakut language was carried out to determine their methods of formation. Language material was taken by their various lexicographic sources, including botanical dictionaries. The empirical basis of the study was also field and expeditionary observations, dialect records and materials collected by the authors since 2017 in various regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). To determine the lexical value of the roots of the analyzed names, semantic descriptions of lexemes are given from the «Great Thick Dictionary of the Yakut Language» and the «Dictionary of the Yakut Language» by E. K. Pekarskiy. Methods of word-formation analysis are used to identify methods of phytonym formation: search of producing base, extraction of word-formation formant, the establishment of word formation principles. Elements of semantic and morphological analysis of nominations are also used, syntax constructions of complex words (phrases) are considered. Non-derivative lexical units are given etymological characteristics, in some cases, parallels from other languages are given. Borrowed names of berry plants are analyzed in terms of phonetic changes, the same principle of analysis is used relative to dialect units that have converted to the literary norm. Besides, some Yakut bases and reflexes in other related languages are compared in the phonostructural aspect. Biological characteristics of plants are given through descriptive method, as well as explanations of geographical peculiarities of places of growth of studied berry plants are given. It has been established that the main method of nomination of phytonyms, which denote names of berry plants in the Yakut language, his nomination based on several motivational characteristics. It was possible to find out that this principle is based on associative metaphorization, which reveals the attitude of Yakuts to wildlife and reflects the characteristics of the world view of the Sakha people. The availability of borrowing from the Russian language is explained by the general territory of residence of Yakuts and Russians. Phytonyms of Mongolian and Tunguso-Manchurian origins indicate close linguistic contacts of Yakuts with Mongolian tribes and Tunguso-Manchurian peoples, particularly Evens. Keywords: phytonyms, names of berry plants, berries, methods of formation, motivational signs of nomination, Yakut language | 1217 | |||||