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| 151 | The article attempts to provide a systemic description of the phenomenon of pseudoborrowing which is characteristic for modern literary languages. The focus of discussion is the extralinguistic determinism of this phenomenon also peculiar to conventional borrowings. The first significant feature of pseudoborrowing appears its secondary character to the actual borrowing, which becomes the foundation for the subsequent processes of a posteriori word formation within the recipient language. The second important feature of pseudoborrowing is its being unknown and incomprehensible by speakers of a donor language. The third one is the manipulative character of this language phenomenon. Under this aspect pseudoborrowing can be viewed in two ways: either as a result of conscious manipulation of borrowed morphological material by recipient language speakers, e. g., for ideological purposes; or as a phenomenon of “reactive power” of language system, constantly forced to create something new out of available means within an exoglossic language situation. Pseudoborrowing is considered an ambivalent phenomenon: on the one hand, mentioned above extralinguistic determinism features and the designation itself emphasize its exogenous nature; on the other hand, the a posteriori nature of its products compared with the actual borrowing testify to its endogenous nature, i. e., belonging to the internal processes of a recipient language. The intensity of forming pseudoborrowings is proportional to the prestige of the borrowed donor language material in the communicative practice of recipient language speakers. The phenomenon of pseudoborrowing is a symptom of the diversification and internationalization of the morphological substrate of a certain lingua franca. The advantage of the approach proposed lies in the possibility of a holistic interpretation of the nature of pseudoborrowing considering trends of sociolinguistic and contactological orders. Keywords: pseudoborrowing, aposteriori coinages, manipulation, diamorphism tendencies, exo-glossic language situation | 1157 | |||||
| 152 | The ‘Toyanov gorodok’ settlement is a place well-known to Tomsk residents, which is located on the left bank of the River Tom, opposite the city of Tomsk. The area took its name from a fortified settlement once located here. According to folk legends, the leader of Eoushta Tatars called Toyan was based in this area. The research into it started in the late XIX century, however at that time and afterwards it was limited only to the inspection and collection of finds on the surface. In the early XX century such settlements and adjacent territories would be chosen for countryside houses construction. In the first half of the XX century, a TB sanatorium was built here, and the fortified settlement was largely destroyed and partially filled with construction waste. Some unpublished documents and unknown collections of finds related to this archaeological site are now kept at Tomsk museums. The article presents a previously unpublished layout of the ‘Toyanov gorodok’ settlement and of its burial ground drawn by M. P. Gryaznov in 1924 as well as A. P. Dulson’s finds collected at the site in 1952. Keywords: ‘Toyanov gorodok’ settlement, Toyan, Tatars of Eoushta, history of research, ceramics | 1148 | |||||
| 153 | The shelomok culture was widespread on the territory of Tomsk Priobye in VI–IV cc. b.c.e. It was closely related to cultures of scythian-siberian world: Greater Black Sea area and its Asian part. All these manifested itself in similar forms of weapon items, horse munitions, as well as availability of items typical of other cultures of scythian world: pazyryk, tagarsk culture, sacs of Kazakhstan. Art of scythian-siberian world is characterized by relief and volume pieces of animals’ figures. This article reviews only bronze hollow figures of roe deers from Tomsk Priobye and China. Authors suppose this form in volume version came from East: China, indirectly through other territories. Such figures are present in materials of tagarsk culture in minimum quantity. Probably, the way from China passed through the territory of Khakass-Minusinsk basin, then, in a modified form they came to Tomsk Priobye. Keywords: archeology, bronze figures, early Iron Age, cultural ties, settlement, ritual | 1146 | |||||
| 154 | The article considers the possibilities of representation of heritage of immigrants from Russia, who have made a significant contribution to the development of Belarus by a cluster strategy in the organization of cultural and tourist programs. Cultural and tourism cluster is a group of related organizations in the sphere of culture and tourism industry, which, together with governments, business entities, research centers, etc., are involved in economic and sociocultural relations and interact with each other, creating a complex cultural tourism product within a given region. Emphasis is placed on the material and spiritual heritage of the great historical figures of Vasily Tatishchev, Rumyantsev-Zadunaysky, Zakhar Chernyshev, Fedor and Irina Paskevich, Alexander Suvorov, Ilya Repin and others, as well as prominent representatives of culture of XX and XXI centuries: the composer Nicholas Aladov, sculptor Andrey Bembel, architect Yuri Gradov, artist Valentin Volkov, director Vladimir Korsh-Sablin, poets Konstantin Simonov and Alexander Twardowski, musician Vladimir Mulyavin, choreographer Valentin Elizaryev and others. Keywords: cluster, representation of heritage, historical and cultural heritage, Russian in Belarus | 1144 | |||||
| 155 | This paper analyzes some of the aspects of Western-Europe’s anti-Semitism. A retrospect of the ethnical treatment of Jews in pre-revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union of the 1920s–1940s, the paper focuses on the way the Jewish national character is represented in pre-revolutionary and Soviet cinema. The pre-revolutionary Russian cinema, featuring mainly melodramatic storylines, makes the audience feel sympathy for the Jewish misfortune, thus suggesting the viewers to see the Jew as a fellow man. In contrast, the Soviet cinema depicts the traditional Jewish way of life, representing the Jewish involvement in the February Revolution of 1917, partly portraying the events of Jewish resettlement in the Crimea, as well as the resettlement of Jews in the Far Eastern Jewish Autonomous Region. Keywords: national identity, Jewish national character, antisemitism, the traditional Jewish way of life depicted in the pre-revolutionary Russian cinema, the Jewish involvement in the Russian Revolution as portrayed in the Soviet cinema, Jewish resettlement (in th | 1143 | |||||
| 156 | The paper reviews the perception of women of other cultures in the Russian literature of the XVI century. The author comes to the conclusion that the specifics of this perception can be attributed to the perceived serious deviations from the stereotypical model of female behavior adopted in Russia of the period. In cases of direct contact, such deviations were construed as negative characteristics, while in the literary descriptions of the way of life of other countries,these deviations were often received as neutral or with sympathetic interest. Keywords: Russian centralized state, Russian literature, “image of Other”, women’s history | 1142 | |||||
| 157 | The paper presents the field notes of I. N. Guemuev made during his trip to the Northern Mansi community in 1986 and the comments of the author. The field data mostly describe the ceremonies of the Mansi life circle but also include the description of diet restrictions, worshipping the family’s guardian spirits, some sacred places. The ceremony held at womens’ sacred place Araschkan in the village of Novinskie is described in detail. Keywords: Mansi, ceremony, sacrifice, burial, matchmaking, spirits | 1139 | |||||
| 158 | The study of the phenomenon of anadiplosis is an urgent research task. Semantic analysis of epic language units were conducted while dictionary definitions, while identifying anadiplosis in the text of the Yakut heroic epic "Mighty Er Sogotokh" of V. O. Karataev. To identify with sufficient completeness the variety and diversity of means of cohesion expressed by anadiplosis in the text of Olonkho, the decomposition of anadiplosis to the elements was performed with the help of component analysis. The verification method is used for linguistic units to establish the truth of ontological information concerning the problem of cohesion in the evolution of the epic narrative. The direct nominative meaning of the linguistic units of the Yakut language is taken to reflects the main components of the analyzed structure, and contributes to the explication of the unit’s actualization in the context. The semantic-cognitive analysis using cognitive interpretation of anadiplosis reveals the venture point of the narrator and the audience on the epic reality, epic articulation of time and space. Retrospective and prospective analysis of the examples has been used to describe and classify aspects of anadiplosis in Olonkho. The general method of research is inductive-deductive, i.e. as a result of the analysis of language data, theoretical conclusions are made. In consequence of the study it is determined that anadiplosis in the text of the Yakut heroic epic Olonkho, represents the contact cohesion, and is one of the main means of effective communication, explicit in the surface structure of the text: at the junction of the main epic narrative and its complement. They are generated by the epic scale of the text and are a clear evidence of the nonlinearity of epic narrative, as also evidenced by the simulated schemes of anadiplosis. It was also revealed that anadiplosis is formed through repetition and verbal repetition in conjunction with demonstratives: ol / ool, bu. All considered examples consist of two complementary terms, which are discrete structures. In the classification of anadiplosis we can distinguish three main types: retrospective, conditionally medial and prospective, where the main principle of classification is the temporal focus of anadiplosis. Keywords: Olonkho, catching up, junction, anadiplosis, cohesion, repetition, retrospective anadiplosis, medial anadiplosis, prospective anadiplosis, return anadiplosis | 1138 | |||||
| 159 | The article examines conditions and mechanisms of formation of different models of collective identities of Turkic language peoples of Siberia at the end of the 20th century – at the beginning of the 21th century. The article demonstrates the importance of archaic social institutions as an initial stage of modeling of clan identities. The link between the ethnic processes and the emergence of ethnic models of identities is emphasized. The incompleteness of ethnic consolidation is reflected in the desire to abandon the artificial ethnonyms and the search of new ones. The article shows the importance of confessional identity as an additional factor for the strengthening of feebly marked ethnic identity. Moreover, the article reveals the importance of historical (quasihistorical) memory for the construction of different models of identities and also for construction “All-Turkic” (“Central Asian”) model of identity. Keywords: identity, ethnic identity, Turkic language peoples of Siberia, historical memory, clan, ethnonim, religion, ethnic processes, construction | 1133 | |||||
| 160 | The present study deals with nonverbal predicate constructions and strategies used to negate them in Ket. The types of nonverbal predicates discussed in the article include nominal (inclusive and equative), attributive and locative (locative (proper), existential, and possessive) constructions. The strategies employed to negate each predicate type are analyzed with respect to morphosyntatic and paradigmatic symmetry / asymmetry they display as opposed to their affirmative counterparts, as well as whether these strategies differ from the standard negation in the language. Particular attention is paid to a special subtype of negative existential predicates that has features typical for the locative (proper) type of nonverbal predicates. The results of the study are meant to supplement the ongoing areal and typological research of negation in nonverbal predicative constructions. Keywords: Ket, negation, nonverbal predicates, locative constructions, existential constructions, possessive constructions, endangered languages, Siberian languages, typology | 1130 | |||||
| 161 | The paper deals with functioning of the analytical additive marker əč̣ʼjə / jəč̣ʼjə in the Temirgoy dialect of West Circassian (also known as Adyghe) and the Kuban dialect of Kabardian and analyses some morphosyntactic parameters, which serve to differentiate its various functions. According to the hypothesis we propose, the marker əč̣ʼjə / jəč̣ʼjə, which originally had exclusively additive functions or functions of the marker of coordination, has developed new pragmatically oriented meanings (contrast, emphasis in negation, etc.). Such pragmaticalization seems to have been accompanied not only by optional phonetic erosion which resulted in the appearance of a new additive clitic but also by the word order change, which presumably can be related to other typological features of the Circassian languages. Keywords: Circassian, West Circassian, Adyghe, Kabardian, additive, coordination, pragmaticalization, grammaticalization, word order | 1129 | |||||
| 162 | The paper presents the analysis of the speech behavior pattern of APOLOGY in German and Russian. In the first part of paper the illocution of APOLOGY is defined in terms of Natural Semantic Metalanguage. The contrastive research is carried out from three different angles. Firstly, from the structural viewpoint, main language patterns of the realization of APOLOGY are described. Secondly, from the pragmatic viewpoint, it is considered whether and how the situations in which Germans and Russians express APOLOGY are different. It is shown that the difference between conventional and substantial APOLOGY proves to be very important for the German-Russian comparison. And thirdly, the possibilities of expressing APOLOGY in German and Russian are described using the method of communicative-pragmatic field. The peculiarities of field organization in these languages are revealed. The study is based on the existing corpora of the German and the Russian. Keywords: speech behavior, apology, intercultural communication, contrastive linguistics, Russian, German | 1126 | |||||
| 163 | The article is written based on the research of the set of historical documents, written materials provided by the head of the polish national and cultural association “Spring” N. E. Hartman about the fate of Poles in the Altay Mountains in 1930–1950. The article focuses on the necessity of restoration and preservation of historical records about the fate of Polish people in periods of deportation and Stalinist purges as well as during the Great Patriotic War in the Altay Mountain. The article is a try to accumulate research experience of scientists, public organizations and private individuals in regards to specification of the statistical and actual information about the fate of Poles in the Altay Mountain during Stalinist purges and the Great Patriotic War. Keywords: polish national and cultural association “Spring”, deportation, purges, Republic of Poland, Oirotia, Altay Mountains | 1124 | |||||
| 164 | 1123 | ||||||
| 165 | The article is devoted to the description of the sacrificial complex in honor of the deity Mirsusne-khum, which was recorded during the field work in 2015 in the Berezovsky district of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous district-Yugra. The complex consists of cover and a heroic helmet, both attributes of the Ob Mansi made from cloth. Dating of the objects held by him attached to the coins and determined the 1920s–1930s are the analogs described previously, the author proposes his own version of the semantics of anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figures, which are presented at the cover and helmet. The iconography of the Heavenly horseman in the giant helmet reflects the era in which it was made: the figure of a deity endowed with the equipment and apparel specific to the Red army 1930-ies. Keywords: Mansi, helmet, cover, sacrifice, tradition | 1122 | |||||
| 166 | The paper reviews the features of articaulation of palatal vowel harmony in Ondugaj and Ust-Kan idioms of Altai-Kizhi dialects. The analysis of experimental-instrumental data demonstrates that algorythms of production of Turkic velar harmony (consistently articulated in Ondugaj idiom) are not maintained in the articulatory-acoustic base of the Ust-Kan idiom speakers. Vowel harmony as a dominant typological feature, largely defining the phonetic make-up of the whole word, and consistent with the idealized harmonic model, has various articulatory specifics in each Turkic language. This articulatory variation adheres to strict systemic processes and mutual conditioning by segmental and suprasegmental levels. The main explanatory features are to be found in the historic aspects of individual languages, in their inter- and intraethnic interactions affecting the articulatory-acoustic bases of shaping the respective phonetic-phonological systems. Keywords: Turkic languages of Siberia, palatal vowel harmony, consonants, experimental phonetics, MRI, digital X-ray diagnostics | 1119 | |||||
| 167 | The aim article to study the cult of fire at Khakases such material manifestation, as a fetish Altyn tös. To achieve this goal presented the following tasks: the definition of him sacred significance and the role in the worldview and ritual practices of this people, an analysis of its external characteristics and the reveal of variations symbolic of design figuration and consideration of ways to interact with this ritual sacred object. The chronological scope of work covers the end of the XIX – mid XX century. The choice of these time limits is caused, first of all, the state of the source base on the study. Selection temporal boundaries are caused primarily by the status of the database sources on the research topic. The main sources are archival and ethnographic materials. The work is based on compre-hensive, system-historical approach to the study of the past. Research methodology is based on historical and ethnographic methods – scientific description, the specific historical and relic. In the worldview and ritual practice Khakases considerable attention was given to fetishism. In traditional consciousness, the fire was endowed with protective and patronizing functions. One of the brightest and most revered idols was Altyn tös. He had a high ritual status, and is always located at the place of honor in the home. It was common belief that largely depends on his favor the preservation of people’s health, well-being of their life and success in economic activities. Derived his sacred role in the spiritual life Khakases contributed to the formation of a special ritual system. It included, both individual and extended family acts of worship. Popular idol contributed to the emergence of different variants of its external image. However, a key marker acted brocade fabric. Keywords: Khakases, tradition, worldview, shamanism, cult, ritual, fetish, tös, Altyn tös | 1119 | |||||
| 168 | The paper overviews the variety of predicative possessive constructions manifested in Eastern Khanty. The aim is to define the most productive and frequent types of the predicative possessive constructions as well as peripheral types. The predicative possession is studied and explained by the interrelation of existential, locational and possessive constructions. The core predicative possessive constructions are existential/locational possessive constructions in which the possessor is locative-marked and the predicate is the verb «to be». The periphreal possessive constructions are the transitive constructions which contain the possession verb with a meaning of «to have, to keep, to hold» as the predicate; the possessive constructions with posture verbs «to sit, to stand, to lie» as predicates; equative/inclusive/attributive proprietive constructions including a very rare type of nominal predicative constructions with the possessive proprietive semantics encoded by the predicative suffix /-aki/. The frequency of existential/locational constructiones is induced by the contact with the Russian language among bilingual speakers. According to the Stassen's typology of predicative possession (Stassen, 2009), in Eastern Khanty the domination strategy is the locational strategy. The have-possessives are sporadically found and are losing their distinctive features due to the expanding distribution of the locational constructions at the present moment. The with-possessive constructions are not included in the study of predicative possession as they have the distinctive features and distrubution which allows using it with motion verbs only. Keywords: predicative possession construction, predicative possession strategies, Eastern dialects of Khanty | 1118 | |||||
| 169 | The article is devoted to personal sources in Polish identified in the process of studying of the biography of Alexander Nikolayevich Murav'ev. He was one of the most famous of the Decembrists and the founder of the first Russian secret political societies The Union of Salvation and The Union of Prosperity. The article analyzes the Polish sources – Anthony Pausha’s journal, Peter Moshinsky’s memories and Józefa Shembekova’s memories. These texts are at first introduced into scientific research. These sources contain new and important information about the life of Decembrist in Tobolsk and his relationship with local officials, about his outlook and philosophy, personality and connections with the Polish comrades by exile and liberation movement. These sources are very creative and informative. For example, Anthony Pausha narrates an interesting fact from the history A. N. Murav'ev’s governorship. It’s clearly characterizes Decembrist’s complex relationship with the Governor-General of Western Siberia I. A. Velyaminov. The characteristic of A. N. Murav'ev’s political outlook is very important for Russian historians. Peter Moshinsky exactly describes Murav'ev’s convictions as a constitutional monarchy. He also tells about the Decembrist as “liberalists forever”. Thus completely is refuted the thesis of Murav'ev’s remorse after the uprising of the Decembrists. These estimates deserve full confidence. This is because not only P. Moshinsky was Murav'ev’s friend but also he was a prominent figure of the liberation movement, a liberal ally of the movement of Decembrists. Keywords: decembrists, liberation movement, Polish exile in Siberia, memoirs, administration, governance | 1114 | |||||
| 170 | Based on the materials from Early Medieval settlements in the Tomsk Ob Region, the paper presents the author’s vision of the development of ferrous metallurgy in this region and pays attention to the fact that the available data are scarce and insufficient to prove the widespread development of the local ferrous metallurgy. An ornamented hearth door from Kislovka II settlement is one of the most significant findings. The author identified it as a ritual artifact intended for ceremonies, most likely before iron smelting. The ornament consisting of 5 rows of triangles can be interpreted as an appeal to a higher power for successful smelting. Keywords: archeology, ferrous metallurgy, hearth, ore, blacksmithing | 1114 | |||||
| 171 | The article outlines the basic perspective research in anthropology of labor law as an independent branch of anthropology of law. In the article the most significant issues of concern are developed. The authors propose the thesis of bio-anthropological evolutionary factors of modern labor law and labor relations. Apart from contributing to the basic knowledge, the anthropology of labor law serves practical functions. The studies of labor law in human evolution allow to deduce the long-term tendencies in the development of labor law, including the correlations between legal norms and human biology, cognition and basic interactions with the environment, developing social networks. It is justified thus to state that the labor law is determined by anthropological factors. The soft definition would state if not the determination, but at least the anthropological logic in the historical development and the modernity of legal regulation of social and labor relations. The understanding of such factors allows to solve the conflicts widespread in labor law, which are notoriously difficult within formal jurisprudence means. Keywords: anthropology of law, anthropology of labor law, human evolution, history of labor legislation | 1113 | |||||
| 172 | The paper described historical data about some of the medieval Turkic tribes related to the problem of the Kazakh peopleorigin and formation. The author analyzes and significantly develops the conclusions of researchers who studied ethnonyms preserved as a part of many Turkic people, including Kazakhs. There were systematized the data on the relationship between ethnonyms and geographical locality names whose territory inhabited by tribes with the same name, as well as the Altai origins of some of them and close mutual contacts with the common ethnic elements, later took part in the formation of many of the Turkic-speaking people. The objects of study have become some of the tribes-makskar, pelvis, sherkesh, kzylkurt. Studying these subjects has allowed the author to establish a possible relationship of ethnonyms appearance in the structure of the Kazakh tribal associations with the history of their formation, dating back to antiquity. The study relates to the formulation of the chronology stages problem formation of the Kazakh nation and is a supplement to the formation of protokazakh period. Keywords: ethnic processes, Kazakh tribes, mascart, taz, kyzylkurt, ethnohistorical relationship, tamgas | 1113 | |||||
| 173 | In the article the data collected by the author during the expedition (November and December 2017) to Tukhard (Karaul rural settlement, Taimyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District) and the nomadic settlements of reindeer herders in Tukhard tundra are considered. In the first section оf the article the question about the boundaries of Tukhard tundra, the key “milestones” of Tukhard history and the data on the population of the region are considered. In the second section the author describes the material of the research (the detailed sociolinguistic interviews with the analysis of genealogical lines, “family trees” and language biographies of the native speakers of the Tukhard idiom of the Taimyr dialect of Tundra Nenets) and deals with the main difficulties and problems of the method of sociolinguistic reconstruction according to the data of language biographies. In the third section there are the lists of surnames of different local ethnic groups, living in Tukhard tundra (Tundra Nenets, Tundra Enets, Dolgans etc.). In the fourth section of the article the author illustrates the possibilities of the method of sociolinguistic reconstruction according to the data of language biographies: the peculiarities of multilingualism functioning in the conditions of mixed marriages and economic activities of representatives of different ethnic groups, as well as linguistic ideologies behind them are considered. In addition, this section shows how the loss of multilingualism (“the big shift to Tundra Nenets”) occured. In conclusion the author highlightes the uniqueness of the local group of Tukhard Nenets, in which a lot of different ethnic components are “dissolved”. Keywords: Tundra Nenets, Tundra Enets, Dolgan, language biography, sociolinguistics, linguistic ideology, multilingualism, local ethnic group | 1111 | |||||
| 174 | A. P. Dulzon (09.11.1900–15.01.1973) is well known among the specialists in Uralic studies as the scholar with a wide range of research interests, the developer of the new fundamental principles of Samoyedic studies. Professor Dulzon is acknowledged for his significant contribution to the studies of the pre-russian population of Western Siberia: Chulym Tatars, Ket and Selkup languages, Yeniseic-Chukotsko-Koryak similarities in verb conjugation, common features of the Indoeuropean and Uralo-Altaic verb-forms, commonalities in noun declension of Indoeuropean and Yeniseic languages. A. P. Dulzon also focused his research on the study of hydronyms, their origin and semantics. Special attention is paid to the study of ancient toponyms. According to A. P. Dulzon, the analysis of such toponyms is hampered by the complexity of their modern structure, the original form of which is often completely modified by numerous layers of previous place-names. The toponyms of the Ugro-Samoyedic origin belong to the ancient toponyms of the Ural-Volga area, and can be analysed by deciphering their complex phonetic and semantic structure modified in the past centuries. The analysis points to the complexity of the ethnogenetic processes in the Ural-Volga area and Western Siberia. Consequently, it is impossible to study the existing toponymic system of the Ural-Volga area as formed by the peoples residing there at present and ignore the chronological periods of their formation and the influence of substrate, superstrate and other phenomena. The etymological interpretation of the hydronyms of the Ural-Volga area is impossible without extensive diachronic and synchronic comparative analysis, and without taking chronological and areal considerations. The comparative cartography of the hydronyms of the Ural-Volga area reveals their twin-hydronyms in Western Siberia. Keywords: A. P. Dulzon, Ural-Volga area, toponymy | 1107 | |||||
| 175 | This paper investigates linguistic and cultural aspects of metamorphosis of folklore characters of three peoples of Ob-Yenisei area: Ket, Selkup, and Khanty. This work focuses on variants of a single myth about the moon's origin shared by these three cultures. This myth revealed several metamorphoses, for example: man → man’s half without a heart → moon; man → swan → man’s half without a heart → moon, and the others. The structure of metamorphosis situations might include the following components: 1) who/what is transforming; 2) in whom/what subject is transforming; 3) initiator of transformation (if available); 4) what actions are accompanying and/or initiating the transformation. Thus the metamorphosis situation can be observed as a not elementary language unit, that is built by mutual penetration of composed components. Keywords: folklore, Ob-Yenisei area, metamorphosis, lexical and grammatical means of realization | 1107 | |||||
| 176 | The paper is devoted to the study of transformations in the Khakass language consciousness over the past 15 years. The strengthening of the positive value dominants in the perception of the stimulus kizi "person", represented in the syntagmatic models of moral, intellectual and external evaluation of a person is identified. Noticeable growth of the paradigmatic scheme of association in the structure of associative fields tugan "relative", aal "Khakass village", aal?y "guest" is associated with changes in the psycholinguistic categorization of the social space of a person. The growth of the significance of family ties, birthplace, homeland in the Khakass language consciousness correlate with the process of adaptation to dynamic socio-economic realities. Keywords: Khakass language, Khakass language consciousness, psycholinguistic meaning, associative field, axiological meaning | 1107 | |||||
| 177 | In this article, on a wide factual material addresses the issue of entry into the culture of the Selkups of flour and bread as food. Comparative cross-cultural analysis of ways to use flour and making bread: information from Selkup are compared with data collected from people living in adjacent territories – Vasyugan, Wachowski, Yugansk Khants, North (the fans) Selkups, kets, Nenets and other peoples of Western Siberia. The result of the study were the following conclusions: firstly, the widespread of bread in the culture of the Selkups refers to the period of settlement of the Narym Russian (XVII century); secondly, which appeared as an innovation, the bread has a firm place in the system of their traditional culture and production, life-supporting, social normative. Keywords: flour, bread, traditional culture, power system, baking oven, hearth bread, middle Ob Selkup, Vasyugan-Vakh Khanty | 1104 | |||||
| 178 | 1096 | ||||||
| 179 | The paper reviews the role of “ethnic festivals” in the process of ethnic consolidation of Selkupancestry population in Narym area in ХХ–XXI centuries and the development of semi-professional arts and crafts within these festivals (performing arts). The discussion also reviews the role of neomythology in stimulating of consolidating processes and building ethnic identity. Keywords: Selkup, festivals, neomythology, folklore, folklore images, arts and crafts, performing arts | 1093 | |||||
| 180 | The rite of seeing off the recruits (soldiers) of the Chuvashs, like that of other peoples of Russia, began to take shape with the introduction of recruitment duty. According to the unfolding and variability, recruit rituals are much more inferior to wedding and funeral-memorial rituals, but it is nevertheless a rather complex and structured ritual complex. In this work, on the basis of archival, literary sources and author's field materials, the magical rites, signs and beliefs that took place in the recruitment ritual of the Chuvashs in the Volga-Ural region in the mid-19th century and the beginning of the 20th century are considered. Their goal is identified as having a magical effect on the fate of the conscripted to military service, furnishing their surroundings with reliable and permanent protection, ensuring a safe return to their homeland. Keywords: Chuvashs, seeing off in recruits, magic rituals, Volga-Ural region | 1093 | |||||
| 181 | The paper discusses the issues of noun incorporation in the Ket language. The evidence is given that incorporated nouns are inserted into a separate slot following the agent slot and separated from the kernel verb stem by inflectional affixes. The constructions including the verbs with incorporated nouns denoting semantic patients are considered. The possibility of incorporating semantic locatives, instruments and materials is only outlined. The basic and derived incorporated syntactic structures are analyzed using the dynamic syntax principles presupposing the availability of derivative relationship between syntactic construction. Thus, special attention is paid to prototypical incorporation which predetermins the opposition of non-incorporated and incorporated constructions. The mechanism of the “secondary” transitivizing of the derived intransitive incorporated complexes is described. It is concluded that incorporation in Ket is not used extensively compared to some other incorporating languages. Keywords: Ket language, actant derivation, incorporation, patient noun incorporation, detransitivizing | 1090 | |||||
| 182 | Ways and means of expressing Singularity and Plurality in Udihe are discussed in the present paper. As usual, form of singular number in Udihe is unmarked. Singularity is often accentuated by lexical means as well. To express plurality, in Udihe different markers are used: -dziga (~-ziga ~-diga), -tana, -getu, and *-kta, and -ŋka. Some of them are distinguished etymologically. Besides, that plurality as well as singularity may be expressed lexically. Adjectival markers of plurality are also examined in this paper, because in Udihe such suffixes mark not only Nouns, but also Adjectives, for example, -ŋku (‘suffix of collective adjactives’). Keywords: сategory of number, singularity, plurality, noun, collective nouns, adjective, lexical means | 1089 | |||||
| 183 | The article deals with the traditional Mari games like hide and seek and blind man’s buff in which the catching man is called a bear. The distribution area of these games, their seasonal and ritual timing is detected. A previously unpublished material from the manuscript archive of MarSRILLH (Yoshkar- Ola) is introduced.The correspondences to this character in the games of the Finno-Ugric peoples, Turks and Russians of the Ural-Volga region are established. The article includes an analysis of the etymology of the Mari word maskа ‘bear’, examines the available versions and sets out additional data, including an indication of the correspondence of the Mari bear name (the main dialect forms maska, mas’ka > mäskä; meskä> möskä) to Russian dialect words meaning sheep (mas’ka, mis’ka). Such a naming logic is explained by the prohibition of words meaning wild animals and the metonymic shift of semantics (sheep – wool – bear). The structure of the relationship between this Mari zoonym (historical form aba maska ‘bear’) and the name of a typologically similar character in the Bashkir game – mäskäi-äbei ‘grandma glutton’ is analyzed. Keywords: folk games, game lexics in Mari, Finno-Ugric languages, Turkic languages of the Ural-Volga region, Russian dialects, borrowing, inter-ethnic interaction, language contacts, characters of folklore | 1089 | |||||
| 184 | The article considers the problems of the preservation and translation of the Slavic cultural heri tage through the tradition of literacy in connection with a system-forming role of literacy in Slavic culture. The specificity of the written texts and their interaction with culture makes it necessary to analyse the ways and forms of dissemination of cultural heritage through written texts and their cultural content. Discusses the differences between oral and written discourses, especially the generation of the verbal text, the specifics of his understanding, different relations between sender and addressee. When writing there is a division in the perception of speech, which begins to be perceived not only as a sounding word, but also as a visual phenomenon, separated from the reader, “indifferently” him. Analyzes the role of oral and written discourses in the Slavic culture, the perception of a written text and the problems of preservation and dissemination of cultural traditions through the book. The conclusion about the necessity to take into account the specifics of literacy, its existence and the characteristics of perception in the modern Slavic studies book. Keywords: Slavic narrative, written discourse and oral discourse, Church Slavonic language, Liturgy, liturgical text | 1087 | |||||
| 185 | The article analyzes metaphorical expressives as units of expressive lexical corpus in the Tuvan language in contrast with the Russian language. We offer our observations regarding expressive lexis formed by the means of semantic derivations. We present a general overview of such units and determine whether metaphorical transfer occurs in Tuvan or not, and list the areas of nomination where it occurs; after that, we analyze similar lexemes in the Russian language. Metaphorical meanings serve as universal means of expression of emotions and social evaluation in Tuvan and Russian. Our study shows that in Tuvan, this method of formation of new meaning definitely exists, 7 models of semantic derivation have been described. Individual traits of Tuvan and Russian world images are defined on the basis of metaphorical expressives. Keywords: metaphor, expressive, semantic derivation, Tuvan, Russian, language world image | 1086 | |||||
| 186 | This article shows the results of the corpus method approbation in the investigation of the folklore materials. The application of this method to purely folklore resources has allowed to describe the ethnographic character of the Selkup material culture in detail. The ethnographic context of the folklore texts from different Selkup local groups massively demonstrates their main subsistence activities: a combination of hunting and fishing. Meanwhile, each local group reveals its own distinctive features: the Middle-Taz areal – duck-hunting and fishing with the fishing net; the Central dialectal areal – squirrel hunting and fishing, etc. It has been verified that the locus of each of the Selkup cultures differs in the folklore texts not only in the distribution of the main subsistence activities, but also in the ethnographic details of daily routine. The range of ethnographic details varies in in the Northern and in the Central areals. Everyday realities from the Northern dialectal areal include the «chum» (a special tent) and a fireplace in the form of a bonfire, whereas the heroes from the Central dialectal areal live in «izbushkas» with a «chuval» (a special fireplace). Furthermore, it has been established that the Selkup material culture reflected in the folklore fairytales is archaic. Keywords: Selkups, local groups, folklore texts, hull method | 1085 | |||||
| 187 | Paper is devoted to investigation of peculiarities of ελευθερία and αγάπη concepts in Greek culture at different times: in ancient Greek culture, Byzantine culture, the culture of the Renaissance, and modern culture. The statement that these characteristics are the essential features of the understanding of the human being in Greek culture, which had a significant impact on the development of the Greek ethnos, is substantiated. On the basis of ancient Greek thinkers’ texts, the Bible and contemporary sources the formation and development of the idea of freedom as the essential characteristics of the Hellenes, and the transformation of the content and the semantic difference ἀγάπη compared with other Greek concept that refers to other manifestations of love (ερως, φιλια, στοργη etc) are demonstrated. At each of these stages, the essential relationship between freedom and love, and their inseparability from the human being and opposition to death is observed. Keywords: ελευθερία-freedom, αγάπη-love, ancient Greek culture, Byzantine culture, the culture of the Renaissance, modern culture | 1083 | |||||
| 188 | An important component of the contemporary Mongolian ethnicity – native nomadic places («nutag») and their representations are being explored. Different variations of the interpretation of this image are given. The situational essence of nutag perception is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to individual features of understanding and localization of a small homeland. The sources of the nutag study are conditionally divided into three groups: oral, old-written and modern musical-literary. When considering sources, special attention is paid to the literary and musical-poetic creativity of Mongolian authors of the 20th – early 21st century. The traditional notion of nutag is an understanding of the specific landscape in which the spirit-masters and the spirits of the ancestors of living people inhabit. These people support a psycho-emotional and mental connection with their native nomadic places. Today this representation is replaced by generalized images and only for an outside observer it becomes an abstraction. In fact, the nutag, as before, for each Mongolian retains a deep semantic load that is not extrapolated to the outside observers. In conclusion, the dual essence of the contemporary ideas about the Mongol homeland is emphasized: external abstractness and internal individual imagery, which is associated with a specific locality, natural objects and spirits-masters of the native landscape. Keywords: Mongolia, Mongolians, ethnic self-consciousness, ethnicity, homeland, image | 1082 | |||||
| 189 | This article is analyzed the system of accentuation in the first monographs on the Selkup language created by N. P. Grigorovsky. The considered material allows to draw the following conclusions: 1) Selkup stress in the nineteenth century has no fundamental difference from that in the XX century was recorded by A. P. Dulzon and his followers. 2) N. P. Grigorovsky, not being a linguist, in the XIX century has fixate in his books Ivankino Selkup dialect similar the linguists of the XX century, therefore his works are of great importance for studying the history of Selkup, and should be further investigated. Keywords: the Selkup language, N. P. Grigorovsky, accent system, Iwankino dialect | 1078 | |||||
| 190 | Research revealed the metaphors of seeing and receptions of mythological images of death in modern culture. These metaphors and images were the key point of understanding of links between seeing (vision) and knowledge, between seeing as ability to see the natural and supernatural phenomena and seeing as a way for fixing of the relations between life and death in traditional and modern cultures. Clearing of the basic ideas, which were the cornerstone of mythological legends of the southeast Slavs and reflected in fiction and motion picture art, showed a key role of the memory and imagination, structures of consciousness that provide storage, broadcasting and reproduction of ethnocultural heritage. Tracking of the communications between representations created by east Slavs gave the chance to track receptions of mythological legends in Gogol’s works, in film statements of these works and through them – in modern mass culture. The revealed receptions of Slavic antiquity in modern culture actualized a question of mutual crossings of the mythological ideas created by ancient Slavs and the mythological images, which arose in Antiquity. Keywords: mythology, death, ancient Slavs, modern mass culture, cultural heritage, ethnic identity, literature, cinema, Antiquity | 1078 | |||||
| 191 | The article displays the interconnection of language and habitat of homo under conditions of artificial selection; factors determining this interconnection are examined; advantages of environmental approach are emphasized and spheres of its potential implementation for language studies are proposed. The overriding prerequisite of the environmental determinism of language nature appears the fact, that outside their habitat human individuals easily do without language, which is considered an artificial product of cultural activity of man inside the human environment. Transferring language into the next generation occurs extragenomically – via environment mainly owning to ritualized everyday practice. Language is a non-recurrent and socially determined product of mankind, impossibly existing outside the habitat of homo or for only one person. The rhizome of language is developing nonlinearly, asymmetrically and acentrically. Keywords: human language, speech, talking, homo loquens, language acquisition, environment, environmental approach | 1078 | |||||
| 192 | Since the late nineteenth century Kulunda steppe was one of the most “Ukrainian” regions of Siberia. According to the results of the Soviet census of 1926, in Northern Kulunda, within the boundaries of modern Karasuk district Novosibirsk region lived more than 30 thousand people. The most numerous community were Ukrainians. Places of their compact settlement were the villages: Beloe and Irbizino. Most people in these villages were originally from Poltava and Kharkov provinces. Ukrainians were also scattered widely in other multi-ethnic villages of the steppe area. Adapting to the conditions of Western Siberia, for a long time they have preserved the language and the standards of traditional culture, livelihood, family and calendar rites and festivals, arts and crafts. Ethno-social and ethno-cultural transformation began in the postwar period. This process intensified in the 1960s and 1970s. Actively cooperating with regional multiethnic community (Russians, Germans, Kazakhs, etc.), Ukrainians gradually switched to the Russian language; at the same time began to change their ethnic identity. In 1970–1980 the attributes of Ukrainian folk culture, removed from everyday life moved into the space of museums. Currently in Karasuk district Novosibirsk region is actively developing the Museum's construction and great efforts have been made for the preservation and promotion of cultural heritage. Keywords: Ukrainians, Karasuk, Kulunda steppe, museum | 1076 | |||||
| 193 | The article observes classification of constructions with possessive markers in Selkup in the frame of such oppositions, as personal – impersonal, adnominal (pronominal and nominal) – predicative, alienable – inalienable, prototypical – non prototypical. 44 examples of Selkup constructions with possessive markers reveal that some of them do not have possessive meaning but rather reflect determination, identifiability, or definiteness. The usage of possessive suffixes with certain noun groups leads to their grammaticalization. Keywords: possessive constructions, categorization, Selkup, possessive language means, grammaticallization | 1075 | |||||
| 194 | Present study concentrates on the distribution of feminine diminutive nominal suffixes in Serbian and Croatian. Both languages possess a dominant system with one prepotent suffix (-ica), whose combinability is (morphonologically) not restrained. All the constraints on the combinability of the suffix which functioned on the previous stages of language development (and are still in effect in closely related languages) are eliminated. The rival suffix -ka has almost been lost in its diminutive meaning and functions as a hypocoristic suffix. The main distinction of the two systems lies in the operation of the archaic suffix -ca. While Serbian has preserved the suffix in its main function (diminutivization of the former i-stems), Croatian has almost lost it: suffix -ca does not function as a diminutive suffix in Croatian. Keywords: Serbian language, Croatian language, South Slavonic languages, derivation, diminutivation, morphology | 1074 | |||||
| 195 | The article considers the relocation of the Altai held during XVIII–XX centuries. The first wave of migrants (until 1861) consisted mainly of Russian population. In the second stage (the end of the XIXth and early XXth century) Germans, Ukrainians, people from the Baltic regions came here. Belorussian immigrantion is also based on the number of Altai large settlements (from 100 to 900 people). However, Belarusians accustomed to the woods more likely inhabited taiga regions of Siberia and the Altai steppe was not so appealing. As a matter of fact their migration was not mass character here. Migrants from Belarussia chose not only similar in climatic characteristics areas for the new residence, but also the most familiar types of settlements – the hutors. Until 1920 their lived, one or more families of Belarusians. In 1914, in connection with the construction and operation of the railway Belarusians settled in industrial areas, in rail barracks and booths. Keywords: Altai, Belarusians, XIX–XX centuries, settlements | 1065 | |||||
| 196 | The Teleut language belongs to the Esse-type languages, which express predicative possessive relations within nominal phrases. It employs three main strategies of predicative possession encoding according to the typology of L. Stassen: the locational possessive, the with-possessive and the topic possessive. The locational encoding strategy is typically used with an alienable possessee being the grammatical subject with the possessor in indirect locative case. The with-possessive encoding strategy is the syntactical inversion of the locative strategy; its main function is attributive. The most common predicative possessive encoding strategy in Teleut is the topic possessive with its variety – the genitive possessive. Verbal encoding strategy is expressed with the transitive verbs like ‘to keep’, ‘to hold’, ‘to receive’ etc. which have implicit semantics of possession. Keywords: Turkic languages, Teleut, possessive, predication; information structure and sentence form | 1065 | |||||
| 197 | This article deals with traditional customs of guesthood and hospitality typical for the Selkup culture. The analysis rests on the materials of folk Selkup literature, which reveals the main rules of guesthood and hospitality, as well as the materials of ethnographic observations (including I. A. Korobeynikova’s (one of the authors) reminiscences of her childhoood). The article presents the analysis of terms of greeting and farewell common to the Selkups living in Parabel-Narym (chumylkup) dialect areal in the middle of the XX-th century. The study leads to the conclusion that they are likely to have been borrowed from the neighbouring peoples cultures (the Khanty, the Tatars, the Russians). Keywords: the Selkups, etiquette, hospitality, norms of conduct when visiting sb, the terms of greeting and farewell, way of proper treatment to the respected people | 1065 | |||||
| 198 | The problem of axiological preferences of the Finno-Ugric ethnic group (Mordvinian) against cultural peculiarities of German ethnic group as exemplified in the folk tales is discussed. In the tale reality the axiological norms function as an ideal model of a person that has to stabilize the given type of the society. The guides and differences in the basic maxims of nationally marked axiological system of Mordvinian and German community are defined. Similarities are defined by close connection to the nature, the forest, special love to the tree (the oak). Specific features are embodied in the different world perception. For the Mordvinian people the forest is positively depicted because the forest, the nature, the person mean the life and the shelter from the disaster and the evil. German people take the forest as bearing hostility and even fatal danger. Syncretism in Mordvinian thinking brings syncretism in language categories and defines the person as not separated out from the outside forces. But in the German mentality autonomy of the individual who makes decisions himself confirms as the social value that is a condition of the happy life. The German tale creates the axiological model in which the person is a free individual not lacking in creation as an individual is in the fullness of existence. Axiological model of the Mordvinian tale is implemented in the idea about some force which includes magic that rules reality, can punish for unkind acts and reward for dignified behavior. Orientation of the person’s activity depends on preferences, meanings and existence values that although change from one epoch to another but are established by the traditions of ethnical communities. Keywords: axiological system of the ethnical group, ambivalence, folk tale, world view, language categories, axiological preferences, program of the action | 1064 | |||||
| 199 | The ethnographic description of national food the Komi’s vymskikh reflecting features of subethnic and religious character is presented in article. Ecological habit and economic activity predetermined grain and meat and dairy type of food with preservation of a share of trade production. In a grocery set three layers determined by time of inclusion in a food allowance are emitted. The main layer is presented by grain and vegetable crops, meat and a game, dairy and fish products. The basis of food was made by groat soups and porridges that were reflected in the collective name of food “soup porridge”. Bakery products differed in wealth and a variety. The everyday menu, except grain crops, included meat and dairy, fish dishes and a game, with small inclusions of vegetables and wild plants that testifies to the balanced food. Though meat and dairy and fish dishes not often appeared on a table that was connected with practice of observance of Christian posts which number reached over 200 days in a year. However the collective name of food meaning full life was defined how “with fish meat to live”. Substratny layer reflects earlier existing system of economy and is presented by wild plants which provided a vitamin component of a food allowance and brought a variety the menu. Last in time layer is connected with trade development, purchased products compensated for the deficiency of grocery raw materials. For the vymskikh of the Komi the thrice hot meals that were provided with existence by the Russian wind furnace were characteristic. The food was cooked in the Russian furnace early in the morning and remained there till the evening that allowed giving food hot at each reception. The balanced menu, is hotter than food and observance of the mode of meal acted as pledge of preservation of health. Keywords: Komi (Zyrians), vymsky Komi, grocery raw materials, traditional dishes | 1064 | |||||
| 200 | In this article, I will present data collected during the fieldwork in Khodz (Koshekhablsky District, Republic of Adygea, Russia). The participants (nine native speakers of Kuban dialect of Kabardian) were asked to solve several speech production tasks: – tell a story based on the picture to other participant; – read a prosaic text; – read a verse. Articulation rate was calculated as the number of syllables per second. Several measurements were made: average articulation rate of the different speakers during all tasks and average speech rate de pending on the utterance length. Spontaneous material considered, the average rate equaled 4,33 syllables per second with 95% confident interval equaled ±0,18 and standard deviation equaled 1,19. In (Fonagy, Magdics, 1960; Stepanova, 2011) it is reported a strong negative correlation between speech rate and the utterance length. Our data provide a small correlation (0,1252841 ± 0,07679026) between speech rate and the utterance length. All audio data were annotated using ELAN (v. 4.9.4); measurements were made using Praat (v. 5.3.16); all statistical inferences and visualization were made in R (v. 3.3.2). Keywords: Circassian languages, Kabardian, speech rate, speech production, text reading | 1063 | |||||