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EXPRESSIVE WORDS FROM MONGOLIAN IN THE MODERN TUVAN LANGUAGE // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2016. Issue 3 (13). P. 9-17

We consider the 72 Tuvan expressive words of Mongolian origin. According to the word formation pattern the words are divided into two groups: 1) the сomposites formed by the model N + -chok (өөдежок ‘stupid’, саваажок ‘crazy’, etc.); 2) direct loanwords adapted phonetically (mong. мэлхий ‘stupid’ → тув. мелегей ‘stupid’, mong. жолиг / золиг ‘ransom, hell, an evil spirit (swearword)’ → tuv. чолук ‘scoundrel’). We find the unique feature of the Turkic languages which is the homonymy of adjective (Adj) and adverbs (AdvInt), adjective (Adj) and expressive nouns (NQuol). The loanwords can have different functions depending on the context of a sentence.

Keywords: тувинский язык, заимствование, монгольский язык, композит, семантика, экспрессия, экспрессивные слова

METAPHORICAL EXPRESSIVES IN TUVAN IN CONTRAST WITH RUSSIAN // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2017. Issue 3 (17). P. 9-14

The article analyzes metaphorical expressives as units of expressive lexical corpus in the Tuvan language in contrast with the Russian language. We offer our observations regarding expressive lexis formed by the means of semantic derivations. We present a general overview of such units and determine whether metaphorical transfer occurs in Tuvan or not, and list the areas of nomination where it occurs; after that, we analyze similar lexemes in the Russian language. Metaphorical meanings serve as universal means of expression of emotions and social evaluation in Tuvan and Russian. Our study shows that in Tuvan, this method of formation of new meaning definitely exists, 7 models of semantic derivation have been described. Individual traits of Tuvan and Russian world images are defined on the basis of metaphorical expressives.

Keywords: metaphor, expressive, semantic derivation, Tuvan, Russian, language world image