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| 1 | The author considers the functioning of obscene words in the Buryat language as statements with different objectives, interjections and pejorative words. The research is based on data of the Barguzin dialect of the Buryat language, which preserved the vocabulary of this semantic field. It is revealed that the Buryat obscene words are not used in the speech for the purpose of sending, oaths, and as a neutral insertion. The frequent dyad: ütegen ‘vulva’ – ozgoi ‘penis’ is the core component of obscene words if western dialects of the Buryat language. It is used as interjections, which express extreme variety of emotional connotations (fright, surprise, admiration, regret, etc.). Formulas in question having resemblance with the sentences are curses aimed on extinction of the kin. Equivalent of the third component of "obscene triad" in the Russian language with the meaning 'futuere' is not so productive in the Buryat language. The author analyses the etymology of some words of this semantic field, describes some ways to protect from being cursed. The obscene words of the Buryat language are used not only in speech. They function in shamanic songs, connected to the continuation of the kin, and reversing infertility. Keywords: Buryat language, dialect, words, interjection, pejorative | 2470 | ||||
| 2 | The study compares for the first time the mythological images of characters in shaman ceremonial materials of the Turk-Mongolian people. The aspect of areal interethnic research is relevant for revealing the boundaries of distribution and genesis of important facts in a cult ceremony of the Turk-Mongolian people. The main method of a research is the comparative analysis of characters’ metamorphosis in the Mongolian, Buryat, Tuva and Yakut shaman ceremonies. The aim of the study is to explore of system of features of spirit transformations in the Turk-Mongolian mythology, revealing the similar features and motives in the metamorphosis of characters in a ceremonial event. As a result of the study, the authors define the semiotics status of characters, the universal facts of identical or similar characters in the Turk-Mongolian tradition. It is possible to trace the general schemes of metamorphosis of characters, the repetition and variations of dominant characters in ceremonial actions in the Turk-Mongolian mythology. Keywords: ceremony, spirit of the shaman, anthropomorphous character, zoomorphic character, myth, tradition, motive, symbol | 999 | ||||