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| 1 | Complexes of stone pieces and products of its knapping are found on settlement sites of the Lower Tom river basin. These artifacts are a meaningful source of knowledge about the economy of the ancient inhabitants of the lower reaches of the river Tom in the Neolithic and Bronze Age. Over the past few decades, a number of settlement and burial complexes of this period have been discovered and partially investigated. But there is still no holistic scheme for the development of flintknapping by the ancient population in the Neolithic and Bronze Age in the territory of the Lower Tom river basin. At the same time, the information potential of the colossal volume of materials accumulated by previous researchers has not been fully disclosed. One of the possible solutions to this complex of problems is a comparative analysis of stone pieces and products of its knapping from various archaeological sites of the Neolithic and Early Bronze Ages. The use of modern methods of statistical processing of mass archaeological material allows us to solve this problem by determining the occurrence of various signs in the studied categories of artifacts. The combined use of morphological typology and statistical analysis in the scientific literature is called the attributive approach. The primary result of the study is the allocation of approach significant characteristics of the stone industry of the Samuska III settlement. This information, obtained by statistical analysis of the stone industry, allows you to create a starting point in building a regional scheme for the development of stone knapping technology in the Neolithic and Bronze Age in the territory of the Lower Tom river basin. Highlighted characteristic features of this industry will be used as the basis for subsequent comparative and analytical activities. The presence of certain products in the materials from the Samuska III settlement in conjunction with the results obtained allows us to conduct full-scale experiments and technological modeling of the process of stone knapping to verify the results of analytical procedures. This fact actualizes a number of problems on the study of the Stone Age of the river basin Tom. Keywords: Samus, Tom, Paleometall, pre-Andron Period, microliths, industry, analysis, statistics, attribute | 1545 | ||||
| 2 | The archeological work of A.P. Dulzon in the catchment area of the river Ket from 1952 onwards has lost no scientific relevance to this day. He paved the way for many decades for historical and cultural studies in the Ket River region. To date, the Ket River has been insufficiently explored from an archeological perspective. Its tributaries on the right bank, which are characterized by a considerable length, remain a “blank spot” on the map of the Tomsk region, as they are difficult to access. In 2020, archeologists organized an exploratory expedition to the Orlovka River, one of the largest tributaries of the right bank of the river Ket. This watercourse has been wellknown to Russians since the 17th century. It is mentioned by travelers and explorers and is recorded in early cartographic materials. In the 1930s, an Evenki nomadic village council was established in its catchment area, which practiced a nomadic farming lifestyle until the 1980s. The main task of the reconnaissance in 2020 was to verify the information of the local population about the presence of archeological sites in the middle and upper reaches of the Orlovka River. Two large settlement complexes were discovered based on the work results. One was located on the banks of the Tura River, the other – at the mouth of the Vtoraya Rechka river. The latter complex includes a fortified settlement with a circular defense system. The dating question of these monuments has not yet been clarified. Random finds from the settlement on the Vtoraya Rechka river indicate that one of the periods in which it was in operation was the late Middle Ages and possibly the modern period. According to written sources, this fragment of the Ket River region was inhabited by the population of the Ostyak Pitkin volost in the 17th to 19th centuries. Most likely, the operation of the settlement complex during this period can be associated with this population group. The results of the 2020 reconnaissance indicate the archeological potential of the right bank of the Ket River and the need to conduct targeted field studies here. Keywords: Ket river region, Ket uyezd, Pitkin volost, Ket river, Orlovka river, archeology, ethnography, Evenks, settlement, fortified settlement | 946 | ||||
| 3 | The article is devoted to the publication of materials from the Samuska III settlement, discovered in 2016 on the territory of the Samus archeological microdistrict (Tomsk Ob region), and is a continuation of the previously published results of the study of the stone industry of the site based on the results of the 2018 works. The basis for writing the article was the materials of the 2018–2019 field studies, obtained from 7 test pits with a total area of 14 m². The finds include fragments of ceramic vessels, fragments of technical ceramics, stone objects, and their fission products, fragments of mineral pigments, a fragment of petrified wood, slag, and calcined bones. The artifacts of the Shelomok culture from the Early Iron Age and the Samus culture from the Early and Middle Bronze Age as well as individual vessel fragments from the Late Neolithic and Eneolithic form the basis of the ceramic complex. The analysis of the site's lithic industry is complemented by findings from the 2019 collection and is consistent with previously published data. Tools with traces of crushing and grinding of dyes and mineral pigments with traces of processing reflect the phases of paint production by the Samus culture population. The stratigraphy in the test pits with occupation layers corresponds to the stratigraphic situation in the areas with natural soil formation. In the 2018 pit, however, two stratigraphic layers were distinguished, corresponding to the Early and Middle Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. In addition, an assemblage of tools, intermediates, and objects with nonutilitarian functions was found in this pit, which is located near a site with dark gray, dense, sandy clay immersed in an archeologically sterile layer. This work made it possible to place the previously published data from the site in a cultural and historical context and to attribute the stone industry to the Samus culture. The radiocarbon data obtained, together with the collected finds, give reason to attribute the Early and Middle Bronze Age complex to the late phase of the Samus culture. Given the stratigraphic and planigraphic position, the collection of artifacts from the 2018 pit can be interpreted as a set that was kept or carried in a case, or as grave goods. Keywords: Tomsk Ob region, Samus, Tom, Early and Middle Bronze Age, Early Iron Age, Samus culture, Shelomok culture | 1157 | ||||