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| 1 | Tomsk Trans-Ob region is situated in the forest-steppe zone at the borderline of two large natural geographic zones. The accessibility of Tomsk Trans-Ob is instrumental in discovering the models and mechanisms of cultural interaction between populations of Western Siberia in a wide chronological range. Thereupon the importance of using available archaeological monuments’ sources in their archaeological context is determined. The article concerns materials of Cherdashny Log III burial mound, which dates back to VI–VIII centuries A. D. They include 119 intact vessels and their fragments, 20 of which are ornamented with rollers. The analysis of roller ceramics spreading and its correlation to archaeological structures allows to discover the funeral rite’s peculiarity according to which putting vessels with roller ornaments into graves was not customary. In general they were discovered in burial mounds’ floors, and this fact shows that it was used for funeral activities. Thereupon it is possible to conclude that this peculiarity of the roller ceramics place in the burial mound’s planigraphy is caused by the chronological order when funeral actions were held some time after the burial. The article also concerns the main concepts of roller ceramics appearance in Western Siberia. With regard to them there are two points of view. The first is related to the migration approach. According to it the roller ceramics origin is associated with the territory of Western Siberia including Yakutia and Zabaikalie, where it exists from late Stone Age to the late Middle Ages. According to the second approach, roller ceramics appearance is connected with cultural borrowing and it is an epochal question. Keywords: Tomsk Priobie, the early Middle Ages, Cherdashny Log III burial mound, roller ceramics | 2547 | ||||
| 2 | In 2013, the author of the article discovered as a result of archaeological research the hillfort Chondza on the Ket river in Narym region of the Ob River area. The reconnaissance studies produced material relating to two chronological periods: The Bronze Age and early Iron Age. The latter period was represented by the vast majority of finds. Mainly the finds presented fragments of ceramic vessels. On the basis of the statistical analysis of the morphology and ornamentation, cultural identity of the complex ceramic monument was established. It is also established that this monument can be included in the range of artifacts known as Kulayskaya cultural-historical community, as it demonstrates the same specific features. The presence of a number of monuments the same culture with a unique ceramic complex in the Кet region, allows to put the question of the identification of local variant of the Kulayskaya cultural-historical community in this region. Keywords: archaeological investigation, Kulayskaya cultural-historical community, local variant, hillfort Chondzha, ceramic complex, cultural interaction | 1688 | ||||
| 3 | The article presents the results of research on the ceramics of two settlements of a local variant of the kulai cultural and historical community from the Tomsk Ob region. The first monument reflects the appearance in Tomsk Ob region population kulai culture and its interaction with the indigenous population shelomok (kizhirovo) culture, which is formed in Tomsk local option kulai KIO. The second relates to the final stage of its existence in the Tomsk Ob region. The main task of technical and technological analysis was to identify the specifics of cultural traditions in the selection of raw materials and the preparation of pottery paste and a comparative analysis of the results obtained. As a result of research, it was found that the potters from Kizhirovo II preferred weak ferruginous and non iron raw plastic clay, used several sources of raw materials, and noted a stable tradition in the selection of mineral impurities (the addition of crushed stone). There is a mix of cultural traditions and interaction of the population. One of the reasons for the presence of vessels from other clays may be due to the new population on the monument. The main cultural traditions on Shelomok III include the use of plastic medium- iron clay and the crushed stone. There is a mix of cultural traditions: local (adding crushed stone) with brought (adding chamotte). Comparative analysis revealed common and different of Kizhirovo II and Shelomok III ceramics. General — the use of plastic clays, the predominance of the tradition of adding crushed stone to the pottery paste, the presence of contacts with the population with skills developed in areas where stone outputs were not available. The difference between ceramics from Shelomok III and other monuments of the Tomsk Ob region is in other skills in the choice of raw materials — the use of medium ferruginous clays that are not typical for the region. The pottery from Shelomok III differs from the ceramics from the monuments located nearby. For settlement Kizhirovo II are characterized by the same tradition, as with other monuments in Tomsk Ob river area. Keywords: the Tomsk Ob region, Tomsk local version of the kulai cultural and historical commu-nity, сeramics, technical and technological analysis of ceramics, ornament | 1267 | ||||
| 4 | The article presents the results of studies of ceramics from two sites (Novovasyugan settlement and settlement) of the Kulai culture from the Narym Ob region, located in close proximity – at a distance of 60 m, which is of particular interest for identifying traditions in the manufacture of pottery. The technical and technological analysis of ceramics was carried out within the framework of the historical and cultural approach. The main objective of the research was to identify the specifics of cultural traditions in the selection of raw materials and the preparation of pottery paste and a comparative analysis of the results obtained. As a result of the study of the raw materials, it was found that ferruginous clays (medium and slightly degree of iron content in clay) with a large amount of fine sand were used. Artificial mineral impurities were practically not introduced into the pottery paste, only in a few cases chamotte was recorded, as a rule, in a low concentration, which did not affect the quality of the vessels. Skills in the selection of raw materials and preparation of pottery paste from these two sites are very similar, but vessels made of the same clay were not found. It was found that the potters from the settlement and the settlement used different clay deposits, which differed in the size of the sand. The peculiarities of firing of vessels, surface treatment of vessels, and the application of ornaments indicate different traditions of pottery making, different potters and groups of the population. Perhaps the identified features are related to chronological reasons, as evidenced by differences in the ornamentation of vessels. A comparative analysis with the previously studied collections of the Kulai culture revealed differences. The Kulai monuments from the Tomsk Ob region are characterized by the use of weak – and non iron clay with the addition of crushed stone (broken stone) to the pottery paste, and the addition of chamotte for the Priketye. At the Novovasyugan settlement and the settlement site, non iron clay and the broken stone were not detected, and mineral impurities were rarely introduced. The presence of recipes with chamotte on the Novovasyugan sites may indicate a small influx of people with other skills in preparing pottery paste characteristic of the Tomsk region. Keywords: Novovasyugan settlement, settlement, Kulai culture, ceramics, technical and technological analysis, raw materials, pottery paste, ornament, Narym and Tomsk Ob | 956 | ||||
| 5 | This article presents the results of studies on ceramics from the Vasyugan and Sarov stages of the Kulai culture (5th century BC–5th century AD) from the archaeological complex at Lake Tukh-Emtor. Located in Vasyuganye on the left bank of the Middle Ob region, the site includes several settlements containing Kulai ceramics. Using a historical and cultural approach, a technical and technological analysis of ceramics from three sites was conducted. The primary objective was to identify cultural traditions in the selection of raw materials and the preparation of pottery paste, to examine the impressions of the ornamenting tools and understand the features of the working edge, and to compare the results obtained. It was found that all vessels were decorated with several tools, and items decorated with similar tools were identified at different sites. It has been established that highly sanded, iron-rich clays were used in the settlement of Tukh-Emtor II, clay with a medium iron content, and in Tukh-Sigat IV and VII, clay with medium and low iron content. Analysis of the composition and characteristics of natural inclusions in the raw material indicates different but similar clay deposits, apparently taken from the shore of a reservoir, likely Lake Tukh-Emtor. Two traditions were identified in the use of mineral inclusions in pottery paste preparation: 1) without the addition of mineral inclusions; 2) with chamotte. In four settlements, Vasyugan-type ceramics, which comprise chamotte, make up 26.5 %, while Sarov ceramics account for 36 %. Overall, the tradition of making ceramics without mineral inclusions prevails. Kulai sites in the Tomsk region are characterized by the addition of broken stone to the pottery paste, while chamotte is typical for the Priket region. In Vasyuganye, a third tradition has been identified—preparing pottery paste without mineral inclusions. This enables the determination of the direction of population contacts during the study period. In particular, the presence of chamotte vessels in Vasyuganye indicates an influx of people from Priketye with different skills in preparing pottery paste during the Vasyugan and Sarov stages. The small number of ceramics, compared to those of the Bronze Age, clearly indicates that the population of this area in the early Iron Age was relatively small. Keywords: early Iron Age, ceramics, Kulai culture, Vasyugan, raw material, molding masses, ornament | 87 | ||||