Vocalism In The Middle Chulym Language: Some Preliminary Results

Dybo A.V., Lemskaya V.M., Savelyev A.V., Zimin M.M.

DOI: 10.23951/2307-6119-2025-3-29-47

Information About Author:

Anna V. Dybo, Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Ural-Altaic Languages. Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Bolshoy Kislovsky lane, 1, Moscow, Russia, 125009. E-mail: adybo@mail.ru; SPIN-code: 1406-7364; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6077-7183; Scopus ID: 53363351600; Researcher ID: F-8623-2016. Valeriya M. Lemskaya, Candidate of Philological Sciences, Deputy Director, Associate Professor of the Department of Translation and Translation Studies, Institute of Foreign Languages and International Cooperation. Tomsk State Pedagogical University. Kyevskaya str., 60, Tomsk, Russia, 634061. E-mail: lemskaya@tspu.ru; SPIN-code: 4639-0510; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3644-3463; Scopus ID: 57148428900; Researcher ID: AAQ-6548-2021. Aleksandr V. Savelyev, Candidate of Philological Sciences, Researcher of the Department of Ural-Altaic Languages. Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Bolshoy Kislovsky lane, 1, Moscow, Russia, 125009. Senior researcher at the Institute of Classical Oriental and Antiquity, Higher School of Economics. Staraya Basmannaya str., 21/4, bld. 3, bld. “L”, Moscow, Russia, 105066. E-mail a.savelyev@iling-ran.ru; SPIN-code: 5931-5343; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8343-2057; Scopus ID: 57217068405; Researcher ID ABH-8014-2020. Mark M. Zimin, Junior Researcher, Laboratory for the Study and Preservation of Minor Languages. Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Bolshoy Kislovsky lane, 1, Moscow, Russia, 125009. E-mail: m.zimin@iling-ran.ru; SPIN- code: 4352-4269; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2043-9868; Scopus ID: 57221741092.

The article is devoted to analysing vocalism in Middle Chulym, one of the two dialects of the Chulym Turkic language, which belongs to the Khakass-Shor subgroup of Turkic languages. The article examines various phonetic processes associated with the development of vowels, including the changes that have occurred from a historical perspective and in relation to synchronic phonetic phenomena. The authors have carried out a detailed analysis of the changes in Proto-Turkic vowels in Middle Chulym, including the raising, labialisation and reflection of vowels in position after velar consonants. The influence of the consonantal environment on the qualitative and quantitative changes of the vowels, such as compensatory and contractive length, as well as specific cases of contraction in different contexts, are also considered. The main focus is on acoustic data obtained in field studies, which allow us to clarify previously assumed phonetic changes. In particular, the assumptions about the complete transition of the front vowels to the back row, which were made on the basis of auditory analyses, are refuted. These processes allow a better understanding of the internal development of Middle Chulym vocalism and the identification of its unique innovations that distinguish this dialect from other languages of the Khakass subgroup.

Keywords: vocalism, Middle Chulym dialect, phonetic changes, field research

References:

1. Dybo A.V., Abubakirova L.F., Aybazova Z.K., Zimin M.M., Korovina E.V., Mal’tseva V.S., Mudrak O.A., Renkovskaya E.A., Savel’ev A.V., Hisamov O.R., Sharov A.V., Shejmovich A.V. Novye rezul’taty v genealogicheskoj klassifikacii tyurkskih dialektov (“sluchai s affrikatami”) [New results in the genealogical classification of Turkic dialects (“cases with affricates”)]. Oriental Studies. 2020;14(3):696-713 (in Russian).

2. Dybo A.V., Maltseva V.S., Nikolaev S.L., Sheymovich A.V. Dialektologicheskaya anketa dlya pilotnogo oprosa “Priznaki-izoglossy dlya hakassko-shorsko-chulymskogo areala (gruppy tyurkskih z-yazykov)” [Dialectological questionnaire for the pilot survey “Signs-isoglosses for the Khakass-Shor-Chulym area (group of Turkic z-languages)”. Rodnoy yazyk: lingvisticheskij zhurnal – Native language: Linguistic yournal. 2020;(1):86-119 (in Russian).

3. Kodzasov S.V., Krivnova O. F. Obshhaya fonetika [General phonetics]. Moscow, 2001. 590 p. (in Russian).

4. Kondiyakov A.F. Lemskaya V.M. Chulymskiy yazyk d. Pasechnoe Tyuhtetskogo rayona Krasnoyarskogo kraya: 2007–2021 gg. [Chulym language of the village Pasechnoye, Tyukhtetsky district, Krasnoyarsk territory: 2007–2021]. Vol. 1. Tomsk, 2021. 204 p. (in Russian).

5. Kondiyakov A.F. Lemskaya V.M. Chulymskiy yazyk d. Pasechnoe Tyuhtetskogo rayona Krasnoyarskogo kraya: 2007–2021 gg. [Chulym language of the village Pasechnoye, Tyukhtetsky district, Krasnoyarsk territory: 2007–2021]. Vol. 2. Tomsk, 2021. 246 p. (in Russian).

6. Evangelie ot Marka na chulymskom yazyke s parallel'nym russkim Sinodal'nym perevodom. Tomsk, “Ivan Fedorov” Publ., 2019. 132 p. (in Russian).

7. Starostin S. A., Dybo A. V., Mudrak O. A. Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages. Vol. 1–3. Leiden, 2003. 2096 p.

8. Tenishev Ye.R. (ed.) Sravnitel’no-istoricheskaya grammatika tyurkskih yazykov: Leksika [Comparative-historical grammar of the Turkic languages: Lexicon]. M., 1997. 800 p. (in Russian).

9. Tenishev Ye.R., Dybo A.V. (eds) Sravnitel’no-istoricheskaya grammatika tyurkskikh yazykov: Pratyurkskiy yazykosnova. Kartina mira pratyurkskogo yetnosa po dannym yazyka [Comparative-historical grammar of the Turkic languages: The Proto-Turkic base language. The worldview of the Proto-Turkic ethnic group based on language data]. M., 2006. 907 p. (in Russian).

10. Dyrenkova N.P. Grammatika shorskogo yazyka [Grammar of the Shor language]. M., 1941. 307 p. (in Russian).

11. Biryukovich R.M. Zvukovoy stroy chulymsko-tyurkskogo yazyka [The sound system of the Chulym-Turkic language]. M., 1979. 202 p. (in Russian).

12. Yetimologicheskiy slovar’ tyurkskikh yazykov [Etymological dictionary of the Turkic languages]. Vols. 1−7. M., 1974−2003 (ongoing) (in Russian).

13. Tenishev Ye.R. (ed.) Sravnitel’no-istoricheskaya grammatika tyurkskih yazykov: Regional’nye rekonstrukcii [Comparativehistorical grammar of the Turkic languages: Regional reconstructions]. M., 2002. 766 p. (in Russian).

14. Dybo, A.V. Yetimologicheskiy slovar’ tyurkskikh yazykov [Etymological dictionary of the Turkic languages]. Vol. 9. Astana, 2013. 620 p. (in Russian).

15. Urtegeshev N.S. Fonetika chulymsko-tyurkskogo yazyka po zapisyam 70-kh godov XX veka [Phonetics of the Chulym-Turkic language based on the 1970-s records]. Uralo-altayskie issledovaniya – Ural-Altaic research. 2016;20(1):105-110 (in Russian).

16. Roos M.E. The Western Yugur (Yellow Uygur) Language: Grammar, Texts, Vocabulary (Doctoral thesis). Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden, 2000. 422 p.

17. Dybo A.V. O pervichnykh dolgotakh v tyurkskikh yazykakh [On primary lengths in Turkic languages]. Vestnik Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Lingvistika i mezhkul'turnaya kommunikatsiya – NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication. 2015;13(1):5-20 (in Russian).

18. Räsänen M. Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (VEWT). Helsinki: Suomalaisugrilainen Seura, 1969 (in Finnish).

( 1.29 MB ) ( 1.14 MB )

Issue: 3, 2025

Series of issue: Issue 3

Rubric: LINGUISTICS

Pages: 29 — 47

Downloads: 1023