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The intonation of the dialog in the Kumandin language (Results of the field research) // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2024. Issue 4 (46). P. 47-57

The intonation of Turkic languages has practically not been researched yet. In modern society, against the background of globalization and the leveling of national characteristics of ethnic groups, the problem of recording, studying, and preserving the cultural characteristics of minority peoples is exceptionally acute. This article is the first to examine the intonation of the Kumandin dialogic language. The Kumandin language belongs to the East Uyghur branch of the Turkic languages of the Altai language family, has no established written tradition, and functions only in oral form, accelerating its disappearance. The relevance of the study arises from the increasing interest in the problems of language communication, documentation, and analysis of data on endangered languages in Siberia. The analysis is based on field recordings using the Praat computer program. According to the results of the analysis of experimental data, interrogative statements in the Kumandin dialogic speech, which are the first replica in the structure of the dialog, are characterized by a higher level of the end of the melodic curve than in the affirmative statements. The response in the Kumandin language, which is in a relative relationship to the preceding interrogative component, is both a structurally communicative and intonationally concluding component of the entire dialogic unit. In incomplete statements, the intonation is clearer and brighter. The frequency level in the analyzed interrogative statements is between 106 and 257 Hz. One of the phenomena that claims the status of a linguistic universal in the field of intonation studies is the raising of the frequency of the main tone or pitch, which is used in most languages to distinguish between interrogative and affirmative intonation. Intonation functions in close interaction with the syntactic and lexico-grammatical means of the language: the more complete the dialogic statement, the weaker the intonational contrast, while a brighter, clearer intonation is observed in incomplete statements. The prospects for further research are to deepen the identified tendencies by expanding the body of research and to describe the general model of the intonational structure of certain questions as a result of comparing the intonational contours of statements with different question words. The intonation of the interrogative part in Kumandin’s dialogic speech is considered for the first time. The relevance of the study arises from the increasing interest in the problems of linguistic communication, documentation, and data analysis of the endangered languages of Siberia. The analysis is carried out based on field recordings using the Praat computer program. According to the results of the analysis of experimental data, interrogative statements, which are the first replica in the structure of the dialog, are characterized by an upward movement of the tone.

Keywords: intonation, dialogic speech, minority peoples, the language of the Kumandins, Praat

Quantitative Characteristics of Vowels in the Turkic Languages of Altai in Correlation with the Phonetic Context // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2026. Issue 2 (52). P. 33-48

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the distribution of quantitative vowel characteristics across phonetic contexts in the Turkic languages of Altai. The study was conducted using a complex experimental phonetic method based on bisyllabic word forms from the Altai, Tuba, and Kumandy languages. The analysis identified two oppositely directed tendencies in the positional-combinatorial variation of vocal length, influenced by the syllabic structure of the word form, the nature of its vocal axis, and the type of intersyllabic consonant elements. In bisyllabic words with a heterogeneous vocal axis (wide–narrow) and an open first syllable, the wide vowel of the first syllable is lengthened to varying degrees, followed by a syllable with a narrow vowel separated from the first syllable by a noisy voiced or sonorous consonant. For the first time, in all the languages studied, the elongation of the narrow labialized soft vowel ӱ in the first open syllable of structures with narrow vowels in both syllables was recorded, contrary to the predicted lengthening of vowels at the end of the word form. The explanation for the spread in the Turkic languages of the pattern of positional elongation, previously characteristic only of wide vowels, to narrow vowels should be sought in the articulatory features of narrow rounded vowels in modern languages, rooted in the ancient Turkic state.

Keywords: Turkic Languages of Altai, experimental phonetics, vocalism, quantitative characteristics, positional duration