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| 1 | One of the core issues in modern linguistics is linguistic variation. Language, as a complex dynamic system, is constantly evolving and changing. Changes in socio-political, economic, cultural, scientific, and technological spheres are inevitably reflected in language. The lexicon develops most intensively because extralinguistic factors exert greater influence on it than on other layers of language. Polysemy is a linguistic universal and an integral part of language. Words and phraseological units form a universal basis for the development of polysemy, as nearly any linguistic unit can acquire new meanings. Since Yakut archaisms have not been the subject of a comprehensive linguistic and cognitive study, this investigation constitutes a preliminary attempt in this area and opens a new research field. The subject of this research is the category of polysemy in Yakut archaisms, which exhibits a specific structure of divergent semantic transfer of linguistic units. The purpose of the research is to study the divergent direction of semantic transfer in polysemantic archaisms in Yakut. The objectives of the study include reviewing and analyzing existing literature on archaic vocabulary and polysemantic words; determining the semantic structure of archaisms; classifying archaic vocabulary into lexico-semantic groups; and defining the direction of divergent transfer in Yakut polysemantic archaisms. We use componential and conceptual analysis methods. To reveal the semantic structure of archaisms, we conducted dictionary-definition analysis. The general research method is inductive-deductive. The dominant source of semantic transfer in the analyzed Yakut linguistic units is material reality. The primary recipient semantic areas are anthropological conceptual spheres, especially ‘characteristics of man,’ ‘emotional state,’ ‘spatial object,’ ‘natural phenomenon,’ ‘abstract notions,’ ‘interpersonal relationships,’ and ‘intellectual characteristics.’ Keywords: Yakut language, semantics, polysemy, archaic vocabulary, indirect meaning, concept | 18 | ||||