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DOCUMENTARY RECONSTRUCTION OF THE GENEALOGY OF S. D. MAINAGASHEV (TO THE 135TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH) // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2021. Issue 4 (34). P. 148-158

The article deals with the issue of documentary reconstruction of the Khakass ethnographer Stepan Dmitrievich Mainagashev’s (1886–1920) genealogy. Until now, there have been gaps in biography of the Khakass scientist S. D. Mainagashev, including an unspecified date of his birth. Despite the presence of genealogical legends about the origin of the Mainagashevs, there was no scientific verification of this genealogical information on the material of church metric books, lists of names and census lists (population censuses). The object of the study is S. D. Mainagashev’s biological genealogy, and the subject is the archival and documentary reconstruction of its patrilineal part. The source base consisted of the funds from such archives as: State Archive of the Krasnoyarsk Region, National Archive of the Republic of Khakassia, Minusinsk Archive. For the first time, unique archival documents on the genealogy of the Mainagashevs are introduced into scientific circulation: from the Askiz Peter and Paul Church — a metric record of the birth/baptism of S. D. Mainagashev in 1886, a metric record of the marriage/wedding of his parents D. A. Mainagashev and V. N. Kyzylasova in 1877, a metric record of the death/burial of the grandfather, ethnographer A. P. Mainagashev in 1866, from the Tashtyp Nativity Church — a metric record of the birth/baptism of D. A. Mainagashev’s father in 1851; data from the last three censuses of the Kazanov family of the Sagai Steppe Duma in 1832, 1850, and 1858; data on the baptism facts of representatives of the family as of 1854. Within the genealogical research, we carried out an examination of the Mainagashevs’ family genealogy, compiled in the 1970s and 1980s by the topographer M. G. Moinagashev on the basis of oral traditions and archival sources. The critical analysis of this genealogical scheme shows that its informational potential needs careful scientific verification with the involvement of church metric records and civil status acts. The further study of the Mainagashevs' genealogy will be devoted to the analysis of genealogical legends, as well as genetic and genealogical testing of modern male descendants.

Keywords: genealogy, Mainagashevs, Ondurovs, revision tale, metric book, National Archive of the Republic of Khakassia, State Archive of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, archive of the city of Minusinsk, Oreshkova

GENETIC AND GENEALOGICAL RESEARCH OF SOME KHAKASS CLANS // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2022. Issue 2 (36). P. 127-148

The article considers the interpretation of personal haplotypes of the modern ethnic Khakass with regard to their private genealogies. During DNA testing of the Khakass’ Y-chromosome, different marker panels of haplotypes were obtained, which were used to determine haplogroups, and most importantly – to compare with personal oral and archival-documentary genealogies of donors in order to verify kinship. The novelty of this genetic-genealogical (genetealogical) study involves correlating eight private Khakass surnames (Ugdyzhekov, Shulberekov, Sagataev, Borgoyakov, Sandaraev, Tarkhanov, Torosov, Mainagashev) with objective genetic markers of the Y-chromosome obtained from ten donors. Two 37-marker STR-haplotypes of the Tarkhanovs belonging to donors from the Khakass subethnos of the Kyzyl people (the Sharypovo District of the Krasnoyarsk Region), as well as the Beltir 37-marker haplotype of the Torosovs, are published for the first time. Six Khakass haplotypes were fully attributed (up to the full name). Most of DNA tests were carried out in the American Commercial Company “Family Tree DNA” (Houston, Texas, USA) for haplotypes of different lengths – from 12 to 111 STR markers. For all the presented Khakass haplotypes, it is necessary to perform genome-wide sequencing of the Y-chromosome to detect SNP mutations up to the definition of familial terminal snips. Since the Beltirs’ genealogies are the deepest among the Khakass subethnoses, going back to the 16th century, it is primary to haplotype and snip male descendants from the Beltir families/seoks. In the future, this will allow us to apply the new methodology extensively – for example, for mapping/identification of Khakass kinships/seoks in the form of phylogenetic trees (modeled on the human Y-chromosome haplogroup tree YFull YTree). The currently available anonymous population-genetic data obtained by scientists from the Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics of the Research Institute of Medical Genetics of Tomsk National Research Medical Center are unsuitable for calibration of reconstructed documentary genealogies, and therefore the full potential of the new verification methodology remains undiscovered.

Keywords: DNA, genetic genealogy, haplotype, Khakass DNA project, genealogy, subclade, revision tale, Khakas, haplogroup, seok

Documentary Reconstruction of the Kyzlasov Family Tree // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2023. Issue 4 (42). P. 103-114

The article deals with the documentary reconstruction of the family tree of the famous Khakass archeologist and historian Leonid Romanovich Kyzlasov (1924–2007), whose centenary will be celebrated in the Republic of Khakassia in 2024. The seok (an ethnic lineage) of the Kyzlasovs is called “tag-kharga” and formed the Ulus Dalnekarga of the Steppe Duma of the united heterogeneous tribes in the 19th century. Although there are oral traditions about the origin of the Kyzlasovs, the genealogical information, which is based on historical sources such as church records, censuses, and name lists, has not yet been scientifically verified. The object of the study is the biological family tree of L. R. Kyzlasov, and the subject is the archival and documentary reconstruction of its patrilineal part. The source base of the research was the collections of such archives as the State Archive of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the National Archive of the Republic of Khakassia, the Archive in Minusinsk, the Manuscript Fund of the Khakassian Research Institute of Language, Literature and History and the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. For the first time, unique archival documents on the genealogy of the Kyzlasovs are brought into the scientific discourse: according to the Ust-Yes Evdokim Church, a metrical record of 1897 on the birth/baptism of R. A. Kyzlasov, information from the last three censuses of the Dalnekarga genus of the Sagai Steppe Duma for 1832, 1850 and 1858, as well as the facts of the baptism of representatives of the genus in 1854. In the course of genealogical research, an examination of the Kyzlasovs’ family tree schemes was carried out, which were drawn up by several informants based on oral traditions and written documents. The critical analysis of these genealogical materials shows that their information potential requires careful scientific examination, including archival primary sources. The further study of the Kyzlasov family tree will be devoted to the complex genetic and genealogical verification of the data by testing the DNA of the Y chromosome of modern male representatives of the genus. In this way, it will be possible to determine the haplogroup of Kyzlasovs (a genetic genus) and, consequently, to deepen the phylogenetic line of seok “tag-kharga” for thousands of years with the assignment of a family branch on the universal human family tree.

Keywords: the metrical book, Kyzlasovs, genealogy, National Archive of the Republic of Khakassia, Dalnekarga genus, population census, seok, family tree