FROM THE DEPTHS OF ANTIQUITY: THE HISTORY OF THE "HOTODOOH SON"
DOI: 10.23951/2307-6119-2020-1-137-150
The article attempts to describe the history of an archaic look of an old Yakut fur coat in terms of its functional purpose and syncretic social stratification. The bird wings depicted on the back of the fur coat are of particular importance that also serves as a justification for naming this type of outerwear as “hotodooh son” (a fur coat with an eagle). The retrospective is based on data from early and late sources and allows us to express an assumption about the appearance of such a fur coat approximately at the end of the 17th century – the beginning of the 18thcentury. There is a hypothesis about its southern origin, so that we indicate the factors that determined the tendency of its gradual modification in northern conditions. Realization of the task requires the use of an integrated approach involving data from ethnography, art history, cultural studies, technology, and design of clothing, linguistics, for which the authors summarized the available resources studying traditional Yakut clothing, which also includes this coat. After analyzing a number of works on this topic, a preliminary conclusion can be made: the authors of publications believe that the symbolic marking of an ornithomorphic image on a fur coat is a sign of the totem as the ancestor of the social group of kangalans. However, there are some articles that do not set the task of interpreting the hidden meaning depicted on the back of a fur coat - they consider it, first of all, from utilitarian functional purpose. The attention of the authors of this article is focused on an attempt to read the information incorporated both in the name of the fur coat and the symbol in the wings. According to the authors, the story of “hotodooh son” is fraught with many valuable facts for those who are interested in the history of the Yakut people as a whole.
Keywords: Yakut ancient coat, museum, material culture, eagle totem, Yakuts, shaman, outerwear
References:
Bolo S.I. Proshloe yakutov do prikhoda russkikh na Lenu: Po predaniiam yakutov byvshego Yakutskogo okruga [The past of the Yakuts before the arrival of the Russians to Lena: According to the traditions of the Yakuts of the former Yakutsk region]. –Yakutsk: Bichik, 1994. – P. 352. (in Russian)
Bolshoy tolkovii slovar yakutskogo yazyka [Great explanatory dictionary of Yakut language]/ Ed. by P. A. Sleptsov. – Novosibirsk, Nauka, 2008. – Vol. V. (in Russian)
Bolshoy tolkovii slovar yakutskogo yazyka [Great explanatory dictionary of Yakut language] / Ed. by P. A. Sleptsov. – Novosibirsk, Nauka, 2010. – Vol. X. (in Russian)
Bolshoy tolkovii slovar yakutskogo yazyka [Great explanatory dictionary of Yakut language] / Ed. by P. A. Sleptsov. – Novosibirsk, Nauka, 2016. – Vol. XIII. (in Russian)
Vasil'ev V. E. Kolymskie shaitany: legendy i real'nost' [Kolyma shaytans: legends and reality] // Nauka iz pervykh ruk ot 22 dekabria 2010. (in Russian)
Vasil'ev V. E. Muzei v kul'turnom prostranstve Evrazii // Materialy nauchnoi konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem, oktiabr', 2011 g. [Museum in the cultural space of Eurasia]. – Yakutsk: Izdatel'skiidom SVFU, 2013. – P. 60–63. (in Russian)
Gavril'eva R. S. Odezhda naroda sakha kontsa XVII – serediny XVIII veka [Wear of the Sakha people of the late XVII and mid XVIII century]. – Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1998. – P. 144. (in Russian)
Dialektologicheski slovar yakutskogo yazyka [Dialectological dictionary of Yakut language], P. S. Afanas’ev, M. S. Voronkin, M. P. Alexeev. – Moscow: Nauka, 1976. (in Russian)
Efimova E. M. Semantika zhenskoi svadebnoi odezhdy yakutov XVII – serediny XVIII veka // Kul'turologiia i iskusstvovedenie [Semantics of women's wedding clothes of Yakuts of XVII-middle of XVIII century // Culturology and art History], 2009. – P. 100–103. (in Russian)
Ivanova-Unarova Z. I. Yakutskaia odezhda v Amerikanskom muzee estestvennoi istorii [Yakut clothes in the American Museum of natural history]. – URL: http://www.kuyaar.ru/nauka/unarova/title2.rtf (26.08.2019). (in Russian)
Ivanova-Unarova Z. I. Avtokhtonnye cherty v traditsionnykh izdeliiakh sakha [Autochthonous features in traditional products of Sakha]. – URL: http://www.arcticmuseum.org/index.php/ru/odezhda/avtokhtonnye-cherty-v-traditsionnykh-izdeliyakh-sakha (26.08.2019). (in Russian)
Konstantinov I. V. Material'naia kul'tura yakutov XVIII veka [Material culture of the Yakuts XVIII century]. – Yakutsk: Yakutknigoizdat, 1971. – P. 212. (in Russian)
Kulturnoe nasledie naroda sakha. Istoriko-etnograficheski ocherk [Cultural heritage of Sakha people. Historical and ethnographic essay]. St. Petersburg – Yakutsk: LENART Publishing House, 1994. – P. 96. (in Russian)
Maak R. K. Viliuiskii okrug [Vilyui district]. 2 izdanie. – Moscow: Jana, 1994. – P. 576. (in Russian)
Myreeva A. N. Evenkiisko-russki slovar [Evenkiy-Russian dictionary]. – Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2004. (in Russian)
Nosov M. M. Clothing and its decorations of Yakuts in XVII – XVIII centuries. Sbornik nauchnykh statei, no. 1. – Yakutsk, 1955. – P. 84–136. (in Russian)
Okladnikov A. P. IstoriiaYakutii. Proshloe Yakutii do prisoedineniia k russkomu gosudarstvu [History of Yakutia. The past of Yakutia before joining the Russian state]. – Yakutsk: YaKUTGOSIZDAT, Vol. 1. 1949. – P. 498. (in Russian)
Osipova-Surnina T. Z. Ekho Kolymy [Echo of Kolyma] – St. Petersburg, 2014. – P. 102 (in Russian)
Pekarsky E. K. Slovar yakutskogo yazyka [Dictionary of Yakut language]. – Leningrad, the USSR Academy of Sciences,1959. – Vol. III, 2nd ed.
Petrova S. I. Svadebnii naryad yakutov: traditsii I rekonstruktsii [Wedding clothes of Yakuts: traditions and reconstructions]. – Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2006. – P. 104 (in Russian)
Petrova S. I. Narodnii kostum yakutov: istoriko-etnograficheskoe iiskusstvovedcheskoe issledovanie [People’s Costume of Yakuts: Historical, Ethnographic and Art History Study], S. I. Petrova, Z. M. Zabolotkaya. – Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2013. – P. 206 (in Russian)
Petrova S. I. Traditsionnaya odezhda yakutov XVII– XIX vekov. Simvolika i semantika [Traditional clothes of Yakutsin XVII-XIX centuries. Symbolism and semantics]. – LAP LAMBERT, 2014. – P. 202 (in Russian)
Prytkova N. F. Upper clothes. Yakuts. Istoriko-etnographicheskii atlas Sibiri. – Moscow-Leningrad: the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1961. – P. 207–231. (in Russian)
Savvinov A. I. Etnograficheskie materialy A. A. Savvina: odezhda i ukrasheniia // Severo-Vostochnyi gumanitarnyi vestnik [Ethnographic materials of A. A. Savvin: clothes and jewelry // North-Eastern humanitarian Journal]. – 2018. – Vol. 2 (23). – P. 27–39. (in Russian)
Seroshevskii V. L. Yakuty. Opyt etnograficheskogo issledovaniia [The Yakuts. Experience of ethnographic research]. 2 izdanie. – Yakutsk: Natsional'noe izdatel’stvo Respubliki Sakha (Yakutiia), 1993. – P. 736. (in Russian)
Starostina M. I. Kolymskie Yakuty v seredine XVII – XX veka: po materialam genealogii [Kolyma Yakuts in the middle of the XVII - XX centuries: based on genealogy materials]. – Yakutsk: Bichik, 2009. – P. 157–158. (in Russian)
Fedorova E. G. Ukrasheniia verkhneiplechevoi odezhdy narodov Sibiri (narody Priamur'ia, Primor'ia, Sakhalina, dolgany, yakuty, narody Yuzhnoi Sibiri) Elektronnaia biblioteka Muzeia antropologii i etnografii im. Petra Velikogo (Kunstkamera) RAN [Decorations of the upper shoulder clothes of the peoples of Siberia (peoples of the Amur region, Primorye, Sakhalin, Dolgans, Yakuts, peoples of southern Siberia) Electronic library of the Museum of anthropology and Ethnography. Peter the Great (Kunstkammer) RAS]. – URL: http://www.kunstkamera.ru /lib/rubrikator/08/08_03/5-88431-129-x/ (26.08.2019) © MAE RAN. - p. 140-141.
Jochelson W. The Jakut. Anthropological papers of the American Museum of Natural History. Vol. XXXIII. Pt. II. – New York City. 1933. – P. 149–150.
( 931.09 kB ) 
( 905.5 kB )
Issue: 1, 2020
Series of issue: Issue 1
Rubric: ANTHROPOLOGY
Pages: 137 — 150
Downloads: 1151