LANGUAGE AND ENVIRONMENT: PROSPECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL APPROACH TO LANGUAGE STUDIES
DOI: 10.23951/2307-6119-2017-2-32-44
The article displays the interconnection of language and habitat of homo under conditions of artificial selection; factors determining this interconnection are examined; advantages of environmental approach are emphasized and spheres of its potential implementation for language studies are proposed. The overriding prerequisite of the environmental determinism of language nature appears the fact, that outside their habitat human individuals easily do without language, which is considered an artificial product of cultural activity of man inside the human environment. Transferring language into the next generation occurs extragenomically – via environment mainly owning to ritualized everyday practice. Language is a non-recurrent and socially determined product of mankind, impossibly existing outside the habitat of homo or for only one person. The rhizome of language is developing nonlinearly, asymmetrically and acentrically.
Keywords: human language, speech, talking, homo loquens, language acquisition, environment, environmental approach
References:
Artykh E. A. Altayskiy period v nauchnoy deyatelʼnosti V.V. Radlova [Altaic period in V.V. Radlovʼs scientific activity]. – Barnaul, 2010. – 295 p. (in Russian)
Dawkins R. Rasskaz predka. Palomnichestvo k istokam zhizni [The ancestorʼs tale. A pilgrimage to the dawn of evolution]. – M., 2015. – 768 p. (in Russian)
Deleuze G., Guattari F. Rhizom [Rhizome]. – Berlin, 1977. – 65 p.
Domashnev A. I. Sovremennyy nemetskiy yazyk v ego natsionalnykh variantakh [Contemporary German in its national variants]. – L., 1983. 232 p. (in Russian)
Enard W., Przeworski M., Fisher S., Lai C., Wiebe V., Kitano T., Monaco A., Pääbo S. Molecular evolution of FOXP2, a gene involved in speech and language» // Nature. – 2002. – Vol. 418(6900). – P. 869–872.
Ferrier D. The functions of the brain. 2nd edition. – N.Y., 1886. – 498 p.
Filicheva N. I. Nemetskiy literaturnyy yazyk [German literary language]. – M., 1992. – 176 p. (in Russian)
Heine B. Language policies in Africa // Herbert R. K. (ed.) Language and society in Africa. The theory and practice of sociolinguistics. – Johannesburg, 1992. – P. 23–35.
Keller R. Yazykovye izmeneniya. O nevidimoy ruke v yazyke [Language changes. About the invisible hand in a language]. – Samara, 1997. – 312 p. (in Russian)
Melnikov G. P. Sistemnaya tipologiya yazykov. Printsipy, metody, modeli [Systematic typology of languages. Principles, methods, models]. – М., 2003. – 395 p. (in Russian)
Nevzorov A. G. Proiskhozhdeniye lichnosti i intellekta cheloveka. Opyt obobshcheniya dannykh klassicheskoy neurofiziologii [The origin of human personality and intelligence. Empirical generalization of data of classical neurophysiology]. – Saint Petersburg, 2012. – 544 p. (in Russian)
Savelyev S. V. Nishcheta mozga [Misery of the brain]. – M., 2014. – 192 p. (in Russian)
Savelyev S. V. Obshchestvo izgonyaet umnykh [The society expels the intelligent] // Harvard Business Review. 2012. – URL:// http://www.hbr-russia.ru/biznes-i-obshchestvo/fenomeny/a11262/
Semenyuk N. N. Formirovaniye literaturnykh norm i tipy kodifikatsionnykh protsessov [Forming literary norms and types of codification processes] // Yazykovaya norma: tipologiya normalizatsionnykh processov [Language norm: a typology of normalization processes]. – M., 1996. – P. 23–44. (in Russian)
Shcherba L. V. Opyt obshchey teorii leksikografii [Empirical foundation of general theory of lexicography] // Yazykovaya sistema i rechevaya deyatelʼnostʼ [Language system and oral activity]. – L., 1974. – 428 p. (in Russian)
Tokmashev D. M., Ilgin A., Tokmasheva D. D. Involutionary trends in contemporary Teleut? // Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences. – 2015. – Vol. 206. – P. 62–66.
Tucholsky K. Sprache ist eine Waffe. Sprachglossen [Language is a weapon. Glosses]. – Reinbek, 1989, – 192 p.
Vakhtin N. B. Usloviya yazykovogo sdviga [Conditions of a language shift] // Vestnik molodykh uchyonykh – Bulletin of young scientists. – Vol. 1. – M., 2001. – P. 11–16. (in Russian)
Vinogradov V. A., Kovalʼ A. I., Parkhomovskiy V. Ya. Sotsiolingvisticheskaya tipologiya [Sociolinguistic typology]. 2nd ed. – M., 2008. – 136 p. (in Russian)
Zhirmunskiy V. M. Istoriya nemetskogo yazyka [The history of German language]. 3d ed. – M., 1948. – 300 p. (in Russian)
Zorina Z. A., Smirnova A. A. O chyom rasskazali govoryashchiye obezyany: Sposobny li vysshiye zhivotnye operirivatʼ simvolami? [What did talking apes tell us: Are higher animals able to operate symbols]. – M., 2006. – 424 p. (in Russian)
Zubov A. A. Stabilnostʼ i adekvatnostʼ taksonomicheskoy nomenklatury, otnosyayshcheysya k rannim stadiyam evolyutsii roda Homo [Stability and adequacy of taxonomic nomenclature concerning early evolutionary stages of Homo] // Etnograficheskoye obozreniye – Etnographic review. – 2010. – Vol. 2. – P. 3–14. (in Russian)
Issue: 2, 2017
Series of issue: Issue 2
Rubric: LINGUISTICS
Pages: 32 — 44
Downloads: 1052